A centre of expertise in digital information management UKOLN is supported by: An Introduction to Web 2.0 and the Social Web MLA Marieke Guy, UKOLN Twitter: Blog: Acceptable Use Policy Recording of this talk, taking photos, discussing the content using , instant messaging, blogs, SMS, etc. is permitted providing distractions to others is minimised. Acceptable Use Policy Recording of this talk, taking photos, discussing the content using , instant messaging, blogs, SMS, etc. is permitted providing distractions to others is minimised. This work is licensed under a Attribution- NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 licence (but note caveat) Resources bookmarked using ‘mla-social-web-workshop' tag

A centre of expertise in digital information management So…What is Web 2.0? Marketing term (derived from observing 'patterns') rather than technical standards - “an attitude not a technology” Web2MemeMap, Tim O’Reilly, 2005 Characteristics Of Web 2.0 Network as platform Always beta Clean URIs Remix and mash-ups Syndication (RSS) Architecture of participation Blogs & Wikis Social networking Social tagging (folksonomies) Trust and openness Characteristics Of Web 2.0 Network as platform Always beta Clean URIs Remix and mash-ups Syndication (RSS) Architecture of participation Blogs & Wikis Social networking Social tagging (folksonomies) Trust and openness

A centre of expertise in digital information management

A centre of expertise in digital information management 4 Social Web: “tools that enable people to create, share and connect with each other”

A centre of expertise in digital information management 5 Note the focus on the individual rather than the institution

A centre of expertise in digital information management 6 Benefits of Web 2.0 Delivery Mechanisms (“network as platform”): –Global outreach: maximise impact of and engagement with ideas –Outsourced services: allowing organisations to focus on their strengths and small institutions to engage on more equal terms –Exploits infrastructure: the standards (e,g. RSS) & services (Google, Amazon,..) now in place User Benefits: –User can create content –Can comment on other’s content –Users no longer passive consumers of content

Blogs Flickr:

A centre of expertise in digital information management About Blogs About blogs: –A Web log/online diary (and more!) –Professionals are increasingly using blogs to describe what they are doing –Key characteristics are openness, collaboration and syndication There’s a need for information professionals to: –Understand blogging and related technologies (e.g. RSS, blog rolls) –Be able to find resources in the 'Blogosphere‘ (e.g. use blog search tools) –Explore how to use blogs to support business functions (support users, staff & organisation) 8

A centre of expertise in digital information management Why Blog? Reasons for blogging: –Community of museum, archive or library professionals –Long tradition of sharing experiences and knowledge –New issues – need to find new communities Blogs can be a timely way to –Offer advice and commentary –Make new connections –Record discussion over time –Provide a different view to discussion threads 9

A centre of expertise in digital information management Reading Blogs There are lots of dedicated blog readers –Web-based e.g. Google Reader –Desktop applications – apps You can sign up for RSS feeds to be alerted to changes 10

A centre of expertise in digital information management Library Blogs Lots of Individuals creating blogs: Phil Bradley’s, Peter Scott, Technobiblio, Library Techtronics, Shifted Librarian, Free Range Librarian, DIY Librarian Lots of themed blogs: Going Green at your library, Librarians for Human Rights, The ‘M’ Word - Marketing Libraries Lots of branch specific blogs: i Know Gateshead Libraries, Oxford University Library, Manchester Lit List Some subject specialist and medical blogs, moving more towards library teams British Librarian Bloggers list (lis-bloggers) Hot Stuff 2.0 – great list of library blogs (over 800) collated by Dave Pattern

A centre of expertise in digital information management Museum blogs Lots of Individuals creating blogs: Dan Cull, mjwrites, electronic musuem, Museum blogging, Fresh and Newer - Powerhouse Lots of themed blogs or group blogs: Liverpool stories, Museum 2.0, Design blog, Kids in museums Lots of specific blogs for a particular museum: National Museums Liverpool, Walker Art Gallery Some specific area blogs (e.g for a collection): Natural History museum conservation blog, V&A’s beach art blog, Henry VIIIth blog Museums Computer Group Museum blogs – great directory of museum and museum- related blogs and aggregator. Sister site to museums podcasts. Culture 24 collates museum details and blog details

Manchester Lit List -

Joeyanne Libraryanne -

British Toy Making -

Fresh and Newer -

A centre of expertise in digital information management Using Blogs Blogs: –Very interconnected : (trackbacks to see who has linked to you; ‘Google juice’; etc.) –Can help to provide feedback; measure impact; engage in discussions; etc. –Blog realtime search tools (e.g. Google, Technorati) can help find recent blog posts –Twitter can automatically post blog updates –The comments field can allow you to engage in discussions Time for you to establish a blog? Note UKOLN briefing docs on planning blogs 17

by Nina K Simon

A centre of expertise in digital information management Ideas For Blogs A News Blog –Redevelopment blog, user services, service changes, opening hours, event info From the Librarian’s Desk or from the Curator –Blogging about your daily work, provides transparency and openness Resources Blog –Special collections, object of the week Reflective Blog –Use as a ‘try it out’ experience Professional Development Blog –Chronicle daily activities, identify progression, use for annual appraisal 19

A centre of expertise in digital information management Issues To Consider Issues: –Institutional Issues – e.g. Can you have a corporate voice, do you want one? –Technical Issues – e.g. what software? –Barriers to making the decision to blog e.g. do you want all ideas to be accessible to all? What about an internal blog? Barriers to getting started: –Gaining momentum e.g. many blogs are little read & become abandoned –Keeping your momentum e.g. Will you be able to come up with new ideas? –Stopping? –Right person for the job! 20

A centre of expertise in digital information management Gaining Momentum Participate: embed yourself in the community, social networks e.g. Ning, Facebook (need to be aware of privacy issues, ownership of data, dangers of data lock-in) Identify and follow other blogs Get a feed reader like Google Reader Link, a lot, especially to other blogs Comment, and use your URL when you do Be fairly shameless in self-promoting: “I like what you’re saying but over on our blog we’ve taken a different approach..” Spread the URL around 21

A centre of expertise in digital information management Keeping Momentum Use Technorati, Google Blog search, etc Embed usage in regular workflows Make sure you post regularly, and consistently: –Don’t post because you haven’t for a while –Do post when you’ve something to say If you’re losing momentum, is there a reason? Do some evaluation of your blog: ask readers Look for co-authors & guest posts. if it’s getting stale, try some alternative approaches (interviews, podcasts, videos, surveys or polls, …) 22

Wikis Flickr:

A centre of expertise in digital information management About Wikis Wikis are collaborative Web-based authoring tools –read state and write state They can be used for: –team work and collaborative papers (avoiding ed MS Word file around) –Note-taking & social discussions at events –As a way to set up a group Web site –A great e-learning tool Ability to compare previous versions of a page, revert back and track who edited the page Many allow users to discuss issues prior to making changes 24

A centre of expertise in digital information management Wikipedia Easy to modify Provides high-profile information (Google- friendly) Allows the community to enhance and develop content Is time your library had an entry? Who will edit it? 25

A centre of expertise in digital information management “Britain Loves Wikipedia” Launched on 31 January 2010 and will run throughout February Aim is to get UK museums to throw open their doors (and ideally their stores) to Wikipedians Wants to allow them to take photographs of out-of-copyright works in their Collections Why? –Opportunity to enrich the photographic record of your collections –Say that you’re working with Wikipedia –Images will be used to create articles on Wikipedia - which will drive more traffic to your site Interested? Contact the Collections Trust 26

A centre of expertise in digital information management Wiki Issues Vandalism, spam Wiki etiquette Searching (tagging needed), archiving (ephemeral), organisation of pages Stopping your wiki from becoming an unmaintained storehouse of out-of-date information! Organisational Culture - freedom to move away from usual design, protocols, habits Resources - Staff training, time, costs How will librarians add wikis and blogs to their collections? 27

A centre of expertise in digital information management The Potential of Wikis “ At their best, they can become true community resources that can position the library as a an online hub of their local community” Meredith Farkas 28 Reviews of collections, objects or books, FAQs Comments section, suggestion box Commonly asked questions (reference or general) Local history, personal stories Course collaboration, e-portfolios Project work, input for research work Workshops

Social Web

A centre of expertise in digital information management Social Networks Sharing and community are key aspects of Web 2.0 Most famous networks are MySpace, Facebook, delicious and Flickr ‘Library, ‘museum’ and ‘archive’ are social network in themselves! Tagging – allows users to add keywords: –Created by groups/communities who are the resource users –Natural language – common understanding –No hierarchy, feedback RSS Feeds 30

A centre of expertise in digital information management Sharing – Flickr Web 2.0 includes community-building You can help support your community- building by making it easy to share photos at events (e.g. this seminar) Simply suggest a tag and encourage delegates to upload their photos with this tag Flickr Commons 31 /

A centre of expertise in digital information management Flickr and Museums Example of a museum making using Flickr: –Content embedded on organisation Web site –Use of rich 3 rd party user interface –Content also surfaced content in places people visit and comment –… 32

A centre of expertise in digital information management Sharing – Delicious Another aspect of sharing is sharing bookmarks This can be used to: –Manage your bookmarks –Allow others to contribute resources –Allow lists of bookmarks to be repurposed –Carry out impact analysis 33 Who else has bookmarked this resources? What are their interests? (I may have similar interests) How many have bookmarked my resource? Who else has bookmarked this resources? What are their interests? (I may have similar interests) How many have bookmarked my resource?

A centre of expertise in digital information management Sharing - Slideshare Many other resources can be shared e.g.: –Slides –Photos –Maps –Video –Travel info –Events info –Music –Etc. 34

A centre of expertise in digital information management Facebook The Facebook platform provides access to (a) Skype (b) Twitter micro-blogging service (c) mini-questions Facebook: –A social networking Web site –Had the largest number of registered users among college-focused sites with over 30 million members worldwide –Ranked between top 10–20 Web sites

A centre of expertise in digital information management Facebook Facebook: –A social networking Web site –Had largest number of registered users among college- focused sites (over 30m members) –In top 10–20 Web sites 36

A centre of expertise in digital information management Facebook and Museums Example of a museum making using Facebook: –Content in places people visit –Allows visitors to be ‘fans’ –Easy to access on mobile devices –… 37

A centre of expertise in digital information management Follow Alex 38

Twitter Flickr:

A centre of expertise in digital information management What is Twitter? What is it? –Best known micro-blogging application –Created in 2006 –Web app with desktop & mobile clients –SMS of the Internet –One of the 50 most popular Web sites How do you use it? –Users sign up for accounts and can then begin posting tweets –Interaction is through the act of following others and being followed 40

A centre of expertise in digital information management Tweets Tweets are: –Text-based posts up to 140 characters –Can include URL and/or link to image (Tweetpic) How they work: –All followers of a user will receive their tweets –Users can reply to others (with other users able to follow conversation) or contact each other directly 41

A centre of expertise in digital information management Why use Twitter? Community-building Marketing (retweets) Support from your peers Friend/subject groups Answers to questions Surveying feedback Brainstorming for ideas Quick surveys The service's (API) allows other Web services to integrate with Twitter easily … 42

A centre of expertise in digital information management 43 Twitter can provide tangible benefits: Engaging in discussions at events Remote participation at events Finding our what they’re saying about you

A centre of expertise in digital information management 44 Twitter – Delivering a Service The Historic Royal Palaces used Twitter for Henry VIII’s 500 th anniversary – picked up by the Telegraph

A centre of expertise in digital information management Hashtags About hashtags: –Words or phrases prefixed with a # –Community-driven convention for adding additional context to your tweets –Topics / events can have a Twitter stream (e.g. #cilip2) Users can see tweets collated through use of a hashtag by: –Using site such as hashtags e.g. –Running a Twitter search for a term and then subscribing to RSS feed –Using an application such as Twemes or Twitterfall 45

A centre of expertise in digital information management Twitter at Events Organisers –Publicity & general information (like RSS feed) –Alert followers to important occurrences. –Organisers can create a generic Twitter account Delegates –Can sign up for the event Twitter account –Tweet during the event using the hashtag (Twitter 'back channel‘) Remote attendees –Can still participate by asking questions and getting a good feeling for the event atmosphere Speakers –Gain a better understanding of audience's knowledge –Use as a way to ask the crowd and for feedback 46

A centre of expertise in digital information management Twitter & User Engagement 47 Museums & heritage bodies are now following tweets and responding. Being user-focussed & innovative or spooky? See

Flickr: Openness

A centre of expertise in digital information management Web 2.0 Mashups workshops/webmaster-2007/maps/ Web 2.0 provides valuable opportunity to provide mapping & location services: –Embedding Google maps on your Web sites –Developing rich services using this –Providing location metadata / microformats which can be processed by simple browser tools

A centre of expertise in digital information management Creative Commons Web 2.0 Openess is a key aspect of Web 2.0: open source; open standards and open content can all help to bring benefits through maximising usage of services Creative Commons offers copyright holders licences to assign to their work The licences aim to clarify the conditions of use and avoid many of the problems current copyright laws pose when attempting to share information. CC maximises impact of work

A centre of expertise in digital information management Podcasts Podcasts are syndicated MP3 files New items in a podcast can appear automatically in your Podcast client (e.g. iPod) or RSS reader Resources can be accessed via iTunes Web The University of Bath won a European award for its podcasts from guest lecturers, etc. We can regard this as maximising impacts of the ideas and promoting the University, at little cost

A centre of expertise in digital information management 52 NLW Example (1) National Library of Wales “Shaping the future: The Library’s strategy to ”: “We propose taking advantage of new online technology, including … Web 2.0 services … It is expected that the Library itself will provide only some specific services on its website. Instead, the intention is to promote and facilitate the use of the collections by external users, in accordance with specific guidelines.” Example of use of Web 2.0 services embedded within a Welsh Assembly Government funded project

A centre of expertise in digital information management 53 NLW Example (2) Use of Web 2.0 at the National Library of Wales including: –Use of YouTube Examples from guest blog post by Paul Bevan on UK Web Focus blog / Bridging Worlds 2008 paper, National Library of Singapore

A centre of expertise in digital information management 54 NLW Example (3) Use of Web 2.0 at the National Library of Wales including: –Use of YouTube –Use of Flickr

A centre of expertise in digital information management 55 NLW Example (4) Use of Web 2.0 at the National Library of Wales. Wales, including: –Use of YouTube –Use of Flickr –Use of a community Wiki

A centre of expertise in digital information management Safe Experimentation Are you interested in using Web 2.0 in your organisation? Worried about corporate inertia, power struggles, etc? What you need is a deployment strategy: –Addressing business needs –Low-hanging fruits –Encouraging the enthusiasts –Gain experience of the browser tools – and see what you’re missing! –Staff training and development –Address areas you feel comfortable with –Risk management strategy –…

A centre of expertise in digital information management Starter for 10! RSS feeds, create them and use them Wikipedia Slideshare Bookmarks - Delicious, citeulike, connotea Librarylookup – Library mashups Folksonomies – different ways of organising information YouTube – video, streaming of video OPACs - Think of your library system as “an interlocking set of functional components rather than a monolithic black box” – Plinkit (Public Library Interface Kit)

A centre of expertise in digital information management 58 The future is exciting - but Curator Sapiens will need to address the challenges. Conclusions Acknowledgments to Michael Edson for the Web Tech Guy and Angry Staff Person post / comic strip

A centre of expertise in digital information management Any Questions?