CELL ORGANELLES

Cell Wall  Cell wall is strong and is made cellulose wall outside the plasma membrane of plant cells. The cell wall locate in Plant, Fungi, & Bacteria, but not animal cells. And also cell wall protect can give shape and structure to the organism.

Cell Membrane  Cell membrane is phospholipids bilayers that enclosed the cytoplasm and subdivide the cell into compartments (organelles), it locate in all cell. Plant cell have it - inside the cell wall  Animal have it - outer layer; cholesterol. The cell membrane Support, Protection, Controls movement of materials in/out of cell, Barrier between cell and its environment, maintains homeostasis.

Nucleus  Nucleus is a large organelle that is surrounded by a double-layered nuclear membrane, containing pores that communicate with the cytoplasm. It stains differently from cytoplasm and often looks darer in prepared slides. The nucleus contains genetic material (linear chromosomes composed of DAN and protein) and controls cellular activities.

Cytoplasm  Cytoplasm the fluid component of cytoplasm, in which organelles are located. All cells have cytoplasm, it also Clear, thick, it Supports and protects cell organelles.  Cytoplasm have about 80% of water and 20 of other substance.

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)  Endoplasmic reticulum is located in all cells except prokaryotes. Endoplasmic reticulum is a network of intracellular membrane that links with the plasma membrane and other membranous organelles. Endoplasmic reticulum may be rough associated with ribosome) or smooth (lacking ribosome). It is involved with the production, processing, transport and storage of materials within the cell.

Ribosome  Ribosomes is a tiny organelles located in the cytosol, sometimes associated with endoplasm reticulum. They are sites of production of protein. And made of RNA & protein.

MitochondrioMitochondrion  Mitochondria is an organelles composed of many folded layers of membrane. Mitochondria are involved in the energy transformation that release energy for use by the cell. Mitochondria also provide the energy a cell needs to move, divide, produce secretary products, contract - in short, they are the power centres of the cell

Vacuole  Vacuole is a membrane –bond, liquid-filled spaces found in most cells in variable numbers. Plants cells typically have lager fluid-filled -vacuoles, containing cell sap, that provide physical support through turgidity and storage. In other cells vacuole may be involved in intracellular digestion (food vacuole) or water balance (contractile vacuoles).

Chloroplast  Chloroplast is found in some plant cells, a green organelle (due to the presence of chlorophyll) in which photosynthesis take place. It is composed of many folded layers of membrane.

Golgi apparatus  Golgi apparatus is a stack of flat membrane sacs where the final synthesis and packaging of proteins into membrane-bound occurs before they are secreted from the cell. It is linked to the endoplasm reticulum.

Chromosomes  Chromosomes is darkly staining structures in the nucleus that are composed largely of DNA and which carry he hereditary information of the cell in the form of genes. Found in constant numbers inn body cells of a particular species.

Cytosol  Cytosol is the fluid component of cytoplasm, in which organelles are located.

Vesicles  Vesicles is a membrane-bound organelles often associated with transport in cell. A vesicle is a bubble of liquid within another liquid, a supramolecular assembly made up of many different molecules. vesicle is a small membrane- enclosed sack that can store or transport substances.

Tonoplast  Tonoplast is the vacuole membrane in plant cells; regulates the movement of substance into and out of the vacuole.

Lysosomes  Liposomes is a membrane –bound vesicles containing powerful enzymes that break down debris and foreign material; present in most animal cells.