Mixtures

2 or more substances that are NOT chemically combined Mixture 2 or more substances that are NOT chemically combined Examples: Pizza, Fruit salad, juice No chemical change Each substance in a mixture keeps it identity Can be formed using any ratio of components  example- granite contains any ratio of feldspar, mica, and quartz granite

Separating Mixtures Physically Separates a mixture based on boiling points Separates a mixture of elements-iron and aluminum Separates mixtures by densities Separation by heating until the liquid is gone and the solid is left Pouring a mixture through a filter-liquid goes through-solid left on filter Distillation Magnet Centrifuge Evaporation Filtration

Homogeneous- can’t see parts well-mixed mixture Homogeneous- can’t see parts Not Heterogeneous-can see different parts clearly The substance that dissolves Example: salt soluble-able to dissolve Insoluble-unable to dissolve-mixture-not a solution The substance that the solute dissolves in Example: water Solution Solute Solvent

Solutions the substance present in the larger amount is considered the solvent Example: 30 ml alcohol and 5 ml water-alcohol is the solvent Small Never settle Cannot be filtered out Cannot scatter light 2 liquids, 2 gases , 2 solids mixed together to form a solution Particles in Solutions

Concentration of Solutions The amount of a substance in a mixture or solution Contains less solute Contains a large amount of solute Concentration Dilute Concentrated

Concentration of Solutions The ability of one substance to dissolve in another at a given temperature and pressure Solubility

Dissolving Solids in Liquids Faster Mixing Heating Crushing Solute particles separate and spread out among the solvent Particles move more quickly Solvent can separate the solute particles Particles mix more quickly with solvent

Concentration of Solutions Gases in Liquids Solids in Liquids Less soluble in at higher temperatures More soluble in higher temperatures

Other Types of Mixtures Suspension Particles are evenly dispersed throughout a liquid and a gas Large particles can scatter light Separate by filtration Particles are to large to stay mixed Example: Snow Globe

Other Types of Mixtures Colloid Tiny particles suspended in a liquid, solid or gas Particles are between the size of those in a solution and those in a suspension Too small to be filtered Examples: milk, mayonnaise, gelatin, and whip cream