1. Mixtures
Chapter 3 Section 3

2. What is a mixture?
A combination of 2 or more substances that are not chemically combined
Substances in a mixture retain their identity
Mixtures can be physically separated
Do not have definite ratios

3. Common Techniques for Separating Mixtures
Distillation (boiling points)
Ex: Crude oil
Magnet (attraction)
Centrifuge (density)
Ex: Blood cells and plasma

4. Solutions
Mixture that appears to be a single substance but is composed of particles of two or more substances that are distributed evenly

5. Heterogeneous vs. Homogeneous
Heterogeneous – different components can be seen
Homogeneous – same appearance throughout mixture, cannot tell the parts

6. Solute – substance that is dissolved
Solvent – substance in which solute is dissolved
Solution – combo of the two
Solute goes into the solvent to form the solution.
Ex: salt is put in water to make salt water

7. Solutions Particles are small Cannot be filtered Cannot be settled out
Do not scatter light

8. Concentration How much solute is dissolved in the solvent
Expressed in grams/mL
Dilute has more of the solvent
Concentrated has less of the solvent

9. Saturated and Unsaturated
How much solute can be put in to make a solution at a certain temperature
Solubility is the amount of solute needed to make a saturated solution

10. What factors affect how fast a solid will dissolve?
1. Mixing
2. Heating
3. Crushing

11. Suspensions Particles settle out Particles are insoluble Heterogeneous
Particles are fairly large
Scatter or block light
May be filtered

12. Colloids Particles are dispersed throughout but cannot settle out
Particles small and well mixed
Scatter light
Cannot be filtered