The Autonomic Division

Autonomic Pathways have two efferent Neurons 1 st neuron: preganglionic neuron, exist in CNS Autonomic Ganglion: outside the CNS. Preganglionic neuron synapses to… Postganglionic neuron: project axon to target tissue.

Differences in sympathetic and parasympathetic division. Pathways originate in CNS Location of autonomic ganglia

Sympathetic Ganglia found along either side of spinal column. So… Short pregaglionic neurons and long postganglionic neurons. Uses acetylcholine and norepinephrine

Parasympathetic Pathways originate near brain stem or near the sacral region. Ganglia exist close to effectors organ. Long preganglionic neurons, and short postganglionic neurons. Uses acetylcholine.

Autonomic Division Self governing Parasympathetic vs. Sympathetic Parasympathetic: rest and digest Sympathetic: fight-or-flight. Heart speeds up; blood vessels to muscles of the arms, legs and heart dilate; and liver produces more glucose for energy.

Antagonistic Control is a Hallmark of the autonomic division. One autonomic branch is excitatory and the other is inhibitory. ▫i.e sympathetic innervations increases HR while parasympathetic stimulation decreases it Except innervations of sweat glands and smooth muscle. Only innervated by sympathetic branch. Helps with maintaining homeostasis.