1. 1 handout today Exam #2 on Thursday Bring scantron. Same format. You can pick up assignment #1 and written part of exam #1 outside my office in H510 – Health Science Building

5. PNS CNS Sensory Motor ANSSomatic Sympathetic Parasympathetic

6. Autonomic Nervous System Visceral sensory & motor system Innervates viscera, smooth muscle, glands Autonomic = self governed Adjusts visceral functions to the body’s needs Responsible for visceral reflexes High BP Decrease Heart rate

7. Somatic efferent innervation Autonomic efferent innervation ACh ACh or NE Autonomic ganglion ACh = Acetylcholine NE = Norepinephrine

9. Preganglionic neuron cell body in brain or spinal cord (lateral horn) axon is myelinated Synapses in ganglion Postganglionic neuron cell body in autonomic ganglion axon is unmyelinated synapses on visceral effector

10. Sympathetic –Speeds up –Fight or flight Parasympathetic – slows down – rest & digest

11. Sympathetic division (thoracolumbar) –preganglionic cell in T1- L2 of spinal cord Parasympathetic division (craniosacral) –preganglionic cell in S2- S4 of spinal cord & 4 cranial nerves –III, VII, IX & X

12. Locations of Ganglia Sympathetic ganglia –near spine –connected via chain (sympathetic chain) –Short preganglionic neuron –Long postganglionic neuron Parasympathetic ganglia –in organ wall –not connected –Long preganglionic neuron –Short postganglionic neuron

13. Sympathetic ganglion Communicating rami Dorsal ramus Ventral ramus Anterior (ventral) Posterior (dorsal)

14. Fig. 14.12a(TE Art) Communicating rami Sympathetic chain

15. Fig. 16.3

16. Plexuses of ANS = sympathetic + parasympathetic Cardiac plexus Pulmonary plexus Celiac (solar) plexus Superior mesenteric Inferior mesenteric Hypogastric

17. Remember a stressful event What was that event List 5 changes that occurred in your body that you noticed during the event

18. Sympathetic pathways Red = presynaptic Black = postsynaptic

19. Adrenal cortex Adrenal medulla Cortex = steroid hormones (endocrine system) Medulla = modified sympathetic ganglion secretes epinephrine (adrenaline) & norepinephrine innervated by preganglionic sympathetic neurons

20. Sympathetic pathways all this innervation is BILATERAL sympathetic pathways carry noxious sensory information (in general)

21. Parasympathetic pathways Cranial nerves: III, VII, IX & X Sacral nerves S2-S4 NT = acetylcholine Also bilateral innervation Carries most sensory info except noxious stimuli

22. Low BP Increase HR sympathetic High BP CN IX Decrease HR CN X Vagus

23. Gut stretch peristalsis

24. vagus Bronchospasm Increased gland activity

25. What is STRESS? Short term “amp” Long term “amp” Day after day Year after year Problems!

26. Year after year Problems! - hypertension - ulcers - constipation - bladder infections - Raynaud’s - sexual dysfunction

27. Visceral Pain Organ & skin pain fibers travel to the spinal cord together Organ pain misinterpreted as skin pain (referred pain) –Heart & skin in left arm = spinal nerves T1-T5 –Heart attack (pain) is felt in skin (pain) along left arm

28. Sunday May 8 th is Mother’s Day Don’t forget your mom!!