3.1 Chemical Compounds in Cells Explore the tiny particles that make up all living and nonliving things

Intro Look at the items Sunblock Sunblock Baking soda Baking soda salt salt How do you think they connect to this lesson 3.1 Chemical Compounds in Cells?

Key Terms to Know

Matter Review Matter Particles (atoms) that makes up all non-living things Particles (atoms) that makes up all non-living thingsAtoms The small particles that make up matter The small particles that make up matter

Atoms and Elements Each atom is made up of a different ELEMENT!!

Elements & Compounds Element Any substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances Any substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances Example: nitrogen, oxygen, carbon, hydrogen Video on atoms & elements

Molecules = Several Atoms Molecules Group of 2 or more atoms bonded together Group of 2 or more atoms bonded togetherVisual

Compounds = Atoms from Different Elements Compounds Atoms of different elements bonded together Atoms of different elements bonded together Video Video

WATER Compound A water molecule is made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom Molecule is two or more atoms joined together Molecule is two or more atoms joined together Most chemical reactions would not take place without water!!!

2 Major Categories of Compounds OrganicInorganic

Inorganic vs. Organic Compounds Organic Compounds Compounds that contain carbon Compounds that contain carbon Most compounds have carbon Most compounds have carbon Inorganic Compounds Compounds that do not have carbon Compounds that do not have carbon

4 Major Groups of Organic Compounds CarbohydratesLipidsProteins Nucleic Acids

Carbohydrates Definition Is an energy-rich organic compound made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen Is an energy-rich organic compound made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygenFunction Provides us with energy Provides us with energy Make up cell parts Make up cell parts Cellulose in cell wall and membranes is a carbohydrate

Examples of Foods High in Carbohydrate Compounds Sugars and starches are carbs Sugar: glucose Sugar: glucose Starches: pasta, rice, potatoes, bread Starches: pasta, rice, potatoes, bread

Lipids Definition Are energy-rich compounds made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen Are energy-rich compounds made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygenFunction Gives lots of energy to cells (more than carbs) Gives lots of energy to cells (more than carbs) Cells store lipids for later use Cells store lipids for later use Cell membranes are made of lipids Cell membranes are made of lipids

Examples of Foods with Lipid Compounds FatsOils

Proteins Definition Are large organic molecules made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur Are large organic molecules made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur

Examples of Foods with Protein Compounds Foods high in protein: Meat Meat Eggs Eggs Fish Fish Nuts Nuts Beans Beans

Structure of Proteins Protein molecules made up of smaller molecules called amino acids Only 20 kinds of amino acids The kinds and order of amino acid determine the protein made

Amino Acids Make up Proteins

Functions of Proteins Most cell organelles are made up of proteins Some proteins are enzymes type of protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in a living things type of protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in a living things Example: saliva speeds up digestion Without enzymes we Without enzymes we wouldn’t live

Nucleic Acids Definition Are very long organic molecules of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and phosphorous Are very long organic molecules of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and phosphorous 2 Types 2 TypesRNADNAFunction They are instructions cells need to carry out functions of life They are instructions cells need to carry out functions of life

2 Types of Nucleic Acids DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid Deoxyribonucleic acid Is genetic material that carries information about an organism and is passed from parent to offspring Is genetic material that carries information about an organism and is passed from parent to offspringRNA Ribonucleic acid Ribonucleic acid Plays important role in production of proteins Plays important role in production of proteins

Main Idea of the Lesson? Also, how does this lesson answer the chapter focus question, “Why do we need cell processes?”