Science 09 Ruo Final Exam Review

Using a periodic table, find the atomic mass and write it properly for: Hydrogen 1H Helium 4He Carbon 12C Oxygen 16O

Using a periodic table, find the atomic mass and write it properly for: Magnesium 24Mg Calcium 40Ca Aluminum 27Al Silicon 28Si

Write the fusion equations for → 24Mg 2(12C )→ 24Mg → 4He 4(1H )→ 4He → 16O 4(4He)→ 16O

Write the fusion equations for 2(12C ) + 4He → 28Si 2(14N) → 28Si → 27Al 1H + 12C + 14N→ 27Al 11B + 12C + 4He→ 27Al → 56Fe 2 (28Si) → 56Fe

Drawing Bohr Diagrams Start by drawing the nucleus p = atomic number (number of protons) n = number of neutrons The number electrons = number of protons The electrons fill the orbits around the nucleus First orbit can hold up to 2 electrons Second orbit can hold up to 8 electrons Third orbit can hold up to 8 electrons

Draw the Bohr Diagram for Ar Argon: Mass=40, Atomic Number = 18 Number of neutrons = Atomic Mass – Atomic Number =40 – 18 = 22 neutrons p18 n22

Draw the Bohr Diagram for P Phosphorous: Mass=31, Atomic Number = 15 Number of neutrons = Atomic Mass – Atomic Number =31 – 15 = 16 neutrons p15 n16

Draw a circuit with: Two resistors in series Two batteries in parallel Connect an ammeter to measure the current of ONE battery Connect a voltmeter to measure the current of ONE resistor Answer on the next slide

Suppose: The voltage of each battery was 9 V The voltage of the resistor was 3 V The current was 1.5 A What is the voltage of the other resistor? Ans 6 V voltage of the sources have to add up to the voltage of loads (resistors). The two batteries are in parallel, so their voltage is 9 volts What is the resistance of the resistor connected to the voltmeter? V = IR 3 = 1.5(R) 2 = R The resistance is 2 ohms What is the resistance of the other resistor? 6 = 1.5(R) 4 = R The resistance is 4 ohms

Ohm’s Law V = I × R What is the resistance of a hair dryer which is plugged into a 110 V outlet and draws 10 A of current? Answer on next slide

Ohm’s Law V = I × R What is the resistance of a hair dryer which is plugged into a 110 V outlet and draws 10 A of current? V = I × R 110 = 10 × R 10 10 11 ohms = R

Efficiency Applying conservation of energy, we know that no process can be 100% efficient % Efficiency = energy out × 100 energy In What is the efficiency of a car engine that uses 15E7 joules of gasoline and outputs 10E7 joules of energy? Click to see answer

Efficiency What is the efficiency of a car engine that uses 15E7 joules of gasoline and outputs 10E7 joules of energy? % Efficiency = energy out × 100 energy In = 10E7 × 100 15E7 = 67%

What’s my risk? A couple of parents do not have Huntington’s disease, but are carriers of the Huntington’s gene. What is the genotype of a person who has Huntington’s disease? What are the genotypes of the parents? Create a punnet square to figure out the risk of their children having Huntington’s disease. Answer on the next slide

What is the genotype of a person who has Huntington’s disease? If we use the letter h, the genotype would be hh (homozygous recessive) What are the genotypes of the parents? Parents would be heterozygous Hh Create a punnet square to figure out the risk of their children having Huntington’s disease. H h HH Hh hh There is a 25% chance of their children getting Huntington’s disease There is a 50% chance their children will be carriers of the Huntington’s gene There’s a 25% chance that their children would not be carriers of the Huntington’s gene

1 AU = 1.49E8 km Earth is 1 AU from the sun. If Mercury is 57.9E6 km from the sun, how many AU is Mercury from the sun? 1 AU = x AU 1.49E8 57.9E6 1 × 57.9E6 = x × 57.9E6 1.49E8 57.9E6 0.39 = x

Diploid, haploid Body cells are Diploid Gametes are Haploid If the diploid number is 24, the haploid number is 12

Metric Conversions 112 MW to watts Convert 35 mV to volts Convert 10 kΩ to mΩ 10,000,000 mΩ Convert 500 mA to A 0.500 A

Light Years (ly) The Milky Way is 100,000 ly across. How long does it take light to travel across the Milky Way? 100,000 years A Hubble Deep Field galaxy is 12.7E9 ly away. How long did it take the light to reach Earth? 12.7E9 years (12.7 billion years)

Exponential Notation Write 56.5E5 in long form 5,650,000 Write 230,000 in exponential notation 230E3 or 2.3E5 or 2300E2 etc Write 700E-9 in long form 0.000 000 700 What is 75E9 ÷ 25E6? 3E3 = 3000