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Ohms Law, current electricity, series circuits

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Presentation on theme: "Ohms Law, current electricity, series circuits"— Presentation transcript:

1 Ohms Law, current electricity, series circuits

2

3 Electric Current The continuous flow of electrons through a conducting metal.

4 Alternating Current Flow of current that periodically changes direction Produced in power plants Current from a wall outlet changes direction 120 times per second

5 Direct Current The flow of current in one consistent direction
Examples Batteries Solar cells Current from a battery travels from the positive terminal to the negative terminal.

6 Common Language

7 Note Taking Guide Quantity Symbol Definition Unit Measuring Device
voltage current resistance

8 Voltage Voltage (V) (also know as Potential Difference) can be thought of as the force pushing electric charges along a conductor. It is the energy in the circuit Measured in Volts (V)

9 electric potential difference, must be connected in parallel
Voltmeter a device that measures electric potential difference, must be connected in parallel

10 Current Electric current (I) is the movement of electric charge in a conductor (rate at which the electrons are flowing) Measured in Amps (A)

11 a device that measures current
Ammeter a device that measures current attached in series

12 Resistance Resistance (R) is a measure of how difficult it is to push the charges along. The energy is transformed at the resistor (potential energy is converted). Examples: light bulb, charging your phone, making coffee, etc. Measured in Ohms () An Ohmmeter is used to measure resistance in a system.

13 Note Taking Guide Quantity Symbol Definition Unit Measuring Device
voltage V Energy in the circuit Volts Voltmeter current I Rate of flow Amps Ammeter resistance R Opposes current; energy transforms OhmsΩ Ohmmeter

14 Ohm’s Law Ohm's Law analyzes the relationship between voltage and current in an ideal conductor. Ohm's Law is given by: V = I * R

15 Example A flashlight that is powered by 3 volts and uses a bulb with a resistance of 60 ohms. What is the current flowing through the circuit?

16 Example A flashlight that is powered by 3 volts and uses a bulb with a resistance of 60 ohms. What is the current flowing through the circuit? G: V = 3 volts E: V = (I)(R) S: 0.05 Amps R = 60 Ω S: 3 = (I)(60) U: I

17 Practice

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19 Series Circuits Resistors can be connected in series; that is, the current flows through them one after another.

20 Kirchhoff’s Rules Loop Rule: The sum of the potential differences (voltage) around any closed circuit loop is zero.

21 Kirchhoff’s Rules Loop Rule: The sum of the potential differences (voltage) around any closed circuit loop is zero.

22 Series Circuit RT = R1 + R2 + R3 + ... IT = I1 = I2 = I3 = ...
1. total resistance is the sum of the separate resistors RT = R1 + R2 + R 2. current is the same through each resistor IT = I1 = I2 = I3 = ... 3. total potential difference is the sum of each VT = V1 + V2 + V In other words, in a series circuit, resistance and voltage add, but current stays the same.

23 Series Circuit Example

24 Series Circuit Practice


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