2005 Annual U.S./Europe International Aviation Safety Conference Improving Aviation Safety: The need for a multilateral approach Paul Lamy International Civil Aviation Organization

8 June 2005International Civil Aviation Organization2 Contents Where do we stand? What ICAO does Conclusions

8 June 2005International Civil Aviation Organization3 What we see At State level A wide variation in the level of aviation activities among the 188 ICAO Contracting States 188 StatesPilot licensesAircraftAOC Top 10 States70%82%40% Top 50 States97% 84% Other 138 States3% 16% Source: ICAO Safety Oversight Audit Data - Level of activities based on contribution

8 June 2005International Civil Aviation Organization4 What we see At State level A wide variation in the level of aviation activities A wide variation in the oversight capability as demonstrated by the ICAO Universal Safety Oversight Audit Programme  181 States audited  162Follow-up audits

8 June 2005International Civil Aviation Organization5 Safety oversight - critical elements  Primary aviation legislation  Specific operating regulations  Civil aviation system and safety oversight functions  Technical personnel qualification and training  Technical guidance, tools and the provision of safety- critical information  Licensing, certification, authorizations and/or approval obligations  Surveillance obligations  Resolution of safety concerns

8 June 2005International Civil Aviation Organization6 Lack of Effective Implementation Primary Aviation Legislation Specific Operating Regulation CAA Structure and Safety Oversight Functions Technical Guidance Material Qualified Technical Personnel Licensing and Certification Obligations Continued Surveillance Obligations Resolution of Safety Issues Total

8 June 2005International Civil Aviation Organization7 Safety Oversight: Facing Reality  The lesson from USOAP Audit results show a positive trend globally but still give reasons for concern Many States have been unable to improve despite their best efforts Some States are acting beyond their oversight capabilities and some operators are taking advantage of this situation Mutual trust and recognition incomplete

8 June 2005International Civil Aviation Organization8 What we see The end result A wide variation in the level of accidents worldwide

8 June 2005International Civil Aviation Organization9 Distribution of Fatal Accidents (Scheduled Operations)

8 June 2005International Civil Aviation Organization10 Average Accident Rate by Region

8 June 2005International Civil Aviation Organization11 Accidents per million departures 1 Insufficient fleet experience to generate reliable rate. United States and Canada 0.4 Latin America and Caribbean 2.5 Europe 0.7 China 0.5 Middle East 2.41 Africa 11.7 Asia 1.7 Oceania 0.0 (Excluding China) JAA Non JAA – 1.2 C.I.S. 1 Source: Boeing REG-106 World 0.73 Average Accident Rate by Region Western-built transport hull loss accidents, by airline domicile, 1994 through 2004

8 June 2005International Civil Aviation Organization12 Flight Safety: Facing Reality The level of flight safety is far from being satisfactory in some parts of the world; The nature of accidents is often different  Hard to avoid accident vs. easily avoidable accident  East Timor IL 76 and Cotonou B727 accidents vs. recent major accidents in North America and Europe Implementation of existing rules would substantively reduce the rate of accidents in these parts of the world

8 June 2005International Civil Aviation Organization13 What we do The ICAO comprehensive safety oversight audit New phase including all Annexes other that Annexes 9 and 17, has started Unified Strategy Adopted by the 35 th Assembly in 2004 Main elements:  Enhancement of Safety Oversight Performance  Transparency and Increased Disclosure

8 June 2005International Civil Aviation Organization14 Unified Strategy Enhancement of Safety Oversight Performance ICAO’s shift of priority from Standard making to implementation Foster partnership; and Promote regional safety oversight organizations  EASA type  ACSA type  COSCAP

Stand-Alone OrganizationsFull functionalEstablished COSCAPsFull functionalEstablishedTo be Established Other Regional InitiativesEstablished

8 June 2005International Civil Aviation Organization16 Unified Strategy Transparency and Increased Disclosure Promote exchange of safety information between States ICAO to facilitate sharing of information ICAO held information  Full disclosure of Audit Reports to all Contracting States  Audit Findings and Differences Database  ADREP to be available on-line

8 June 2005International Civil Aviation Organization17 Unified Strategy Transparency and Increased Disclosure (cont’d) Use of Article 54j) of the Convention  The Council shall… (j) Report to Contracting States any infraction of this Convention, as well as any failure to carry out recommendations or determinations of the Council;  It will only be aimed at States that have an unsatisfactory safety oversight capability and that are engaging in activities that are clearly inconsistent with their level of safety oversight.  The Council should approve the procedure before the end of June Use of Article 21 of the Convention on aircraft registration and ownership

8 June 2005International Civil Aviation Organization18 Conclusions  ICAO, through its Safety Oversight Audit Programme and Unified Strategy, provides: means and support to States that are trying to improve their safety oversight performance reliable data on the level of oversight in States We collectively own the world safety record and it is important that we all have a coherent multilateral approach to safety

8 June 2005International Civil Aviation Organization19 Conclusions  But it is up to States to act: Support of the weakest States that are willing to improve their safety oversight performance Use of ICAO safety data  for safety purposes only  In a coherent and consistent way among States

8 June 2005International Civil Aviation Organization20 E N D 2005 Annual U.S./Europe International Aviation Safety Conference