January 6 Used with review set 17, page 103 Questions 6-30 Lesson 17 January 6 Used with review set 17, page 103 Questions 6-30

Examples of gerunds in sentences: Does crying relieve grief? REVIEW Gerunds Gerunds are formed as verbs, but function as nouns. They may be the subject of a sentence and always end with –ing. Examples of gerunds in sentences: Does crying relieve grief? “Crying” is the gerund. It is a verb, but functions as a noun. It happens to be the subject of the sentence (It relieves grief. “Relieves” is the predicate.) Studying increases my test scores. “Studying” is the gerund. It is a verb, but it is functioning as a noun. The predicate is “increases”.

Review Six Main Verb Tenses Tense How the Verb is Formed Present Tense Add –s or –es Ex: jumps, incriminates Past Tense Add –d or –ed Ex: jumped, incriminated Future Tense Add will or shall Ex: will jump, shall incriminate Present Perfect Add have helping verb to past participle. Ex: have jumped, has incriminated Past Perfect Add had helping verb Ex: had jumped, had incriminated Future Perfect Add will or shall and the have helping verb Ex: will have jumped, shall have incriminated

Progressive Tenses All six of the main verb tenses also have a progressive form. A progressive verb phrase shows action in progress, or a continuing action.

Progressive Forms Present Progressive Tense= Action still in action at time of speaking Past Progressive= Action in progress throughout a specific time in the past Future progressive= Action that will be in progress in the future Present Perfect progressive = Action begun in the past and still continuing in the future Past Perfect progressive=past action begun, continued, and terminated in the past Future Perfect Progressive= continuous future action completed at some time in the future

1st person I am We are 2nd Person You are 3rd Person He is They are Progressive Verbs are formed with the correct form of the verb to be and the present participle (“ing” added to the main verb). Progressive verbs= to be + progressive participle Reminder: Be Helping Verb Present Tense Singular Plural 1st person I am We are 2nd Person You are 3rd Person He is They are Past Tense Singular Plural 1st Person I was We were 2nd Person You were 3rd Person He was They were

Present progressive=Am, IS, or ARE +Present Participle The present progressive form consists of the appropriate form of the present tense verb to be (am/is/are) plus the present participle (verb+ing). Present progressive=Am, IS, or ARE +Present Participle The Senate is expelling the senator by a two third vote of its members. I am listening to the state of the union message. The people are voting for the electors.

Past progressive= Was or were+ present participle The past progressive form consists of a past form of to be (was/were) plus the present participle. Past progressive= Was or were+ present participle The amiable police officer was adverting a riot among the bellicose protestors. Several officers were averting chaos in the streets.

Future progressive= Shall be or will be+ present participle We form the future progressive by adding the present participle to the future of the to be verb (shall be/ will be) . Future progressive= Shall be or will be+ present participle I shall be reviewing how a bill becomes law. Congress will be introducing some new bills later.

Present Perfect Progressive We form the present perfect progressive by using has or have, been, and the present participle. Present perfect progressive=has been or have been +present participle The originators of the bill have been proposing this idea to the appropriate committee. This bill has been proceeding through the House and the Senate.

Past Perfect Progressive The past perfect progressive consists of had, been, and the present participle. Past perfect progressive= had been +present participle The committee realized it had been reviewing the wrong bill. Before his secretary interrupted him last Tuesday, the President had been signing bills all day.

Future Perfect Progressive We form the future perfect progressive with will or shall have been, and the present participle. Future perfect participle= will/shall have + present participle At the end of this term, Mrs. Ishigaki will have been representing her community on the school board for sixteen years. The consul will have been pleading with foreign diplomats for twelve hours by the end of the session.

2. The House of Representatives was discussing the bill. Examples Write the verb phrase and tell whether the progressive form is past, present, future, present perfect, past perfect, or future perfect. This June, we shall have been studying the Constitution for ten months. 2. The House of Representatives was discussing the bill. 3. Next, the Senate will be evaluating the bill. 4. Now the senators are voting on the corrected bill. 5. The President has been observing the progress of this bill.

Shall have been studying- future perfect progressive Example Answers Shall have been studying- future perfect progressive Was discussing- past progressive Will be evaluating- future progressive Had been altering- past perfect progressive Are voting- present progressive

Review Set 17 Page 103 Questions 6-30