1 Electrical Fundamentals We need some understanding of electrical fundamentals to do the lab exercises. Electric Circuit Consists of: –Power Source: Battery, Power Supply (DC or AC) –Wires: usually conductors used to connect various electric circuit elements. –Circuit Elements (Devices): Resistors, capacitors, inductors, transistors, diodes, LEDs, etc…

2 Electrical Fundamentals + 5 V - device switch battery – Electrons: The charge carrier. Units of charge are Coulombs (C.) – Current: The net amount of charge flow/second. – Voltage between a and b: Work needed to move a unit charge from point ‘a’ to point ‘b’ Basic Circuit

3 Breadboard Basics

4 74LS08: 14 pin IC, 4 2-input AND gates

5 Breadboard Basics – wiring AND gate switch