Chapter 23 Painting, Finishing, and Decorating

Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Cite safety rules that apply to painting and finishing. List tools and equipment and demonstrate their use. Select proper materials for various painting, finishing, and decorating jobs. Objectives

Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Prepare exterior and interior surfaces for painting. Explain proper procedures for painting, finishing, and wallpaper hanging. Correct problems that may occur with previously painted exteriors. Objectives (Cont.)

Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Term used to describe all types of finishes Designed for wood or other materials, such as metals or drywall Can be clear or colored Include paints, stains, varnishes, and various synthetic materials Coatings

Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Some chemicals, called volatile organic compounds (VOCs), impact indoor air quality VOCs are given off by products such as as paint, sealants, particleboards, and carpeting Substitute high-VOC materials with low-VOC and VOC-free products Thinking Green

Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Lead can be inhaled during work that disturbs some older painted surfaces Virtually all paints contain harmful substances Solvents in paint are big source of VOCs Low-VOC paint is healthier for painters and users of space Paint and Environmental Health Hazards

Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Lead-Based Paint in Homes

Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Safety Note When working with paints and finishes –Wear safety glasses –Wear rubber gloves when handling bleaches and acids –Keep work area well ventilated –Wear respirator when using toxic chemicals

Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Caulks and Sealants Used to seal openings before painting Available with different chemical make-ups Used on interior and exterior surfaces Sealants are generally not paintable

Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Brushes Sold in many sizes and grades Bristles are synthetic fibers or natural fibers Nylon and polyester bristles will outlast natural bristles Wire brushes are useful for some cleaning jobs

Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Rollers, Pans, and Pads Paint rollers hold tube- shaped pads of various types, naps, and sizes Rougher surfaces should be painted with longer nap rollers Pans for rollers have sloped bottom to hold supply of paint

Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Mechanical Spraying Equipment Paint, stain, and varnish can be applied with compressor and spray gun –Siphon-feed spray gun –Gravity-feed spray gun –Pressure-feed spray gun –Airless spray gun DeVilbiss Co.

Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Safety Note Pressure feed spray equipment must be handled with care Some sprayers develop 7500 psi Material comes out of nozzle with enough force to inject itself under human skin Graco, Inc.

Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Paint Removal Tools Electric sander speeds removal of paint or roughness from surface Sander shapes and sizes make most locations accessible Heat guns soften paint for removal with scraper or putty knife Porter-Cable

Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Paints Spread in thin, unbroken film designed to protect and beautify surfaces Water-base paints can be thinned or cleaned up with water Binder holds particles of pigment in paint together

Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Clear Finishes Coatings applied over wood –Shellac –Lacquer –Varnish –Polyurethane –Sealer Fillers and putty fill holes and depressions in wood

Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Stains Interior stains are grouped as oil stains and dyes Stains applied with cloth, pad, or brush Exterior stains are oil based and classified by amount of pigment Deft, Inc.

Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Include important information for painters to know –Surface area coverage –Hazard warnings –How material can be thinned –How to clean tools after using material Container Labels

Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Color Selection Color wheel is useful in selecting colors that go well together –Hue –Value –Tint –Shade Paints are available in factory-mixed colors or as bases for added color

Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Preparing Surfaces for Coating Remove any foreign matter such as plaster, paint, grease, or dirt Use sandpaper to smooth surfaces Coat all bare spots with primer Repair any cracks in plaster or drywall

Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Applicator must be well adapted to surface and coating being used Brushes work well for many applications –Provide accurate control –Create no overspray or spattering –Produce good results on textured surfaces –Can be used in conjunction with rollers Choosing Paint Applicators

Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Using Proper Brushing Technique Gripping brush right way helps you do more accurate work Pencil grip is usually best for small brushes Pinch grip gives good control for walls Wrap grip is preferred for overhead painting

Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Roller and Pad Application Rollers are useful for coating large areas Rollers are less expensive than good- quality brushes Paint pads have napped fabric over foam base

Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Spray Painting Most economical for large surfaces to be painted one color Areas that are to receive no paint must be masked Proper mixing of paints is important Some painters box paint for uniform color and texture

Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Safety Note Observe safety precautions when spray painting –Work in well-ventilated area –Keep flammable liquids in safety containers –Wear respirator –Wear protective clothing Graco, Inc.

Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Seal all knots and pitch-containing areas Scrape or sand to remove loose paint Apply primer or sealer Apply finish coat after primer or sealer dries Always paint to wet edge Start painting at highest point Move downward in horizontal bands Painting Wood Exteriors

Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Problems with Coatings Recognize defects in old coatings –Alligatoring and checking –Cracking and scaling –Excessive chalking –Blistering and peeling –Mildew

Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Certain defects in clear finishes are result of improper application methods –Crawling –Blistering –Blooming –Runs, curtains, and sags –Specks in surface Defects in Finishes

Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Interior Painting Clean surfaces before painting Cover surfaces not being painted Paint entire room in this order –Ceiling –Walls –Wood trim and doors

Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Working with Stains and Clear Finishes Clean surfaces to be finished Repair all surface dents Use bleaches or stains to change wood color Mask adjacent areas if needed Brush or spray on clear finishes

Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Wallcoverings Made from vinyl resins applied to paper or fabric backing Measured by roll Paperhangers require some hand tools, paste table, and expandable plank

Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Allow new walls to dry thoroughly before covering Apply sizing to surface to seal pores in wall Use methods to remove old wallpaper –Steaming –Soaking –Peeling –Chemical strippers Preparing Walls for Covering

Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Preparing Wallcoverings Make sure there is enough material for entire job Place prepasted strip in water tray for specified time Use booking method of pasting and folding if desired

Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Hanging Wallcoverings Place strip on wall starting at plumb line Smooth against wall from center to edges Trim ceiling and baseboard ends Rinse surface to remove excess adhesive Match succeeding strips to previous strip National Decorating Products Assn.

Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Do not precut strips to fit around windows, doors, or outlets Apply paper over opening Use razor knife to trim excess paper Turn off circuit breaker before working around electrical outlets Hanging Wallcovering near Openings National Decorating Products Assn.

Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Construction Careers Painters Prepare surfaces to be painted, select finishing materials and tools, and apply finishes Work for contractors or are self-employed Gain skills on job or via apprenticeships Brian McEntire/iStock/ThinkStock