Animal Nutrition

Terms Objectives Carbohydrates Carbohydrates Fats & Oils Fats & Oils Proteins Proteins Vitamins Vitamins Minerals Minerals Water Water Pre-mix Pre-mix Silage Silage Metabolism Metabolism Learn the 7 nutrients animals need Learn the 7 nutrients animals need

Cost What is major cost in a livestock operations? What is major cost in a livestock operations? Breeding stock Breeding stock Equipment Equipment Labor Labor Medication Medication Feed Feed Greatest expense is Feed Greatest expense is Feed

Nutrition Nutrients Nutrients Found in feed materials that are necessary for proper body functioning. Found in feed materials that are necessary for proper body functioning.

Roughages and Concentrates Concentrates Concentrates Feed High In Crude (Total) Protein Feed High In Crude (Total) Protein 75% protein is digestible 75% protein is digestible Roughages Roughages Feeds High in Fiber low in CP Feeds High in Fiber low in CP 60% of Protein 60% of Protein More than 18% fiber More than 18% fiber

Feeds Types Dry Grain: Crushed (crimped) corn Dry Grain: Crushed (crimped) corn Silage: Fresh cut roughages that are sealed to keep moisture Silage: Fresh cut roughages that are sealed to keep moisture These types of feeds are supplemented with nutrients to optimize heath These types of feeds are supplemented with nutrients to optimize heath Pre-mix: mixture of nutrients supplemented to livestock feed Pre-mix: mixture of nutrients supplemented to livestock feed

Nutrients

Carbohydrates Main energy nutrients made up of sugars, starches, and cellulose Main energy nutrients made up of sugars, starches, and cellulose Found in the largest quantities of livestock feed Found in the largest quantities of livestock feed Source: in Cereal Grains Source: in Cereal Grains Corn, rye, wheat, barley, and sorghum Corn, rye, wheat, barley, and sorghum Corn is commonly used in the US Corn is commonly used in the US

Fats and Oils 2.25 times the energy value of Carbs times the energy value of Carbs. Carry Fat soluble Vitamins Carry Fat soluble Vitamins Extra Carbs. are stored as fat Extra Carbs. are stored as fat Source: Come in grains and protein concentrates Source: Come in grains and protein concentrates

Vitamins Trace organic compounds Trace organic compounds Help regulate body functions and are designates as letters Help regulate body functions and are designates as letters Sources: Adds to most feed as a pre- mix Sources: Adds to most feed as a pre- mix

Proteins Organic Compounds made up of amino acids Organic Compounds made up of amino acids Supply material to build body tissues Supply material to build body tissues Mussels, skin, hair Mussels, skin, hair Sources: soybean meal, cottonseed meal, blood meal, dried milk, urea Sources: soybean meal, cottonseed meal, blood meal, dried milk, urea

Minerals Inorganic Material in small amounts Inorganic Material in small amounts Provides growth of bones, teeth and body tissues and regulate many chemical body process Provides growth of bones, teeth and body tissues and regulate many chemical body process Sources: In most feed, pre-mixes, mineral blocks Sources: In most feed, pre-mixes, mineral blocks

Water Makes up 40-80% of the animals body Makes up 40-80% of the animals body Most important nutrient Most important nutrient Dissolves other nutrients and caries them throughout the body Dissolves other nutrients and caries them throughout the body

Summary What mineral supplement cant horses not eat? What mineral supplement cant horses not eat? What is the most important nutrient? What is the most important nutrient? Why do animals not consume as much fat as carbs? Why do animals not consume as much fat as carbs?