“The Path to Victory” CHPT 7 – Sec 3 pp

NC patriots victors at Battle of Moore’s Creek Bridge -Feb Called Lexington & Concord of the South Called Lexington & Concord of the South

France enters the war!

British focus efforts in the South Believe most Southerners were Believe most Southerners were Loyalists Loyalists Believe slaves would join them Believe slaves would join them Patriots greatly out numbered Patriots greatly out numbered

British West Indies were close to Southern ports closer to where British troops were stationed

Dec British seize Savannah Ga. Then capture most of Georgia Then capture most of Georgia Later in 1780 they take Charleston, SC. & capture almost all of the southern army it was the worst defeat of the war it was the worst defeat of the war

“almost ceased to hope” G. Washington

New Southern Army formed formed by Horatio Gates Led by Baron de Kalb The army included about 2000 untrained militia

Gates moves army toward Camden, SC to challenge British General Cornwallis August 1780 armies collide out side of Camden

Camden, SC

Battle of Camden, SC Because of Gates’ mistakes the militia panicked & run as did Gates Kalb Kalb remained with his troops and was fatally wounded Gates was removed as the general in charge

Patriots capture King’s Mountain.- Oct. 7,1780 Victory at King’s Mountain helps rally Patriots Fought on the border of North Carolina & South Carolina

Battle of King’s Mountain King's Mountain is unique in America's history:

fought by 1,000 plus militiamen— without orders, formal military training, uniforms or provisions and with no promise of pay Patriot against Tory army

Battle of King’s Mountain against the supposedly “superior forces” led by English Col. Patrick Ferguson changed the course of the Revolution in the South Insured that United States of America would be thirteen, not ten colonies.

Battle of King’s Mountain

Francis Marion (Swamp Fox) of SC Gen. Nathanial Greene, & other backwoods Patriots used hit & run tactics Francis Marion fought from his base in the swamp Marion used guerilla tactics to battle the British

THIS Guerilla Tactics – Hit and run NOT Sustained battles

NOT THIS

Gen. Nathanial Greene was appointed head of the Southern Army

Gen. Nathanial Greene He avoided full scale battles when the advantage was not his When Americans did fight they did their best to make sure the British suffered heavy losses. suffered heavy losses.

Opposition to the war grew in England grew Daniel Morgan – Jan. 1781; defeats British at the Battle of Cowpens SC

Green’s tactics forced Gen. Cornwallis to move Brit army to N. Va. In Spring of 1781 Camps at Yorktown Strip of land –juts out into Chesapeake Bay More easily be supplied by ship More easily be supplied by ship

Washington was set on attacking New York City Comte de Rochambeau- suggest it would be better to attack Yorktown Va.

Yorktown Va. Washington marches from NY to Yorktown Washington joined by French troops under Comte de Rochambeau

Yorktown Va. Aug French Fleet under Admiral de Grasse sail to Chesapeake Bay French Fleet keeps Brit ships from supplying Cornwallis

Battle of Yorktown

Gen. Cornwallis is cut off Can’t get supplies Can’t get supplies Can’t escape by sea Can’t escape by sea Holds out for 3 weeks Holds out for 3 weeks

Oct 17, 1781 – Cornwallis Surrenders

Yorktown was the last major battle of the war Peace talks held in Paris, France in 1782

1782 Treaty Of Paris 1. British recognize the United States as a free and independent nation free and independent nation

US Borders set 2. US Borders set: from Mississippi River in the West to Atlantic Ocean in the East to Atlantic Ocean in the East to Florida in the South (Florida returns to Spain) to Florida in the South (Florida returns to Spain) To Canada in the North

3. Americans agree to pay Loyalists for property they lost in War

Neither side completely lived up to the agreement Neither side completely lived up to the agreement U.S. Never paid Loyalists or prewar debts owed Britain U.S. Never paid Loyalists or prewar debts owed Britain Britain never returned slaves & refused to abandon military outpost in the Great Lakes region Britain never returned slaves & refused to abandon military outpost in the Great Lakes region

April 15, 1783 Congress ratifies Treaty The American Revolution had officially ENDED !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!