1. American Revolution
Part III:

2. Battle of New York (Aug-Nov 1776)
British General William Howe invaded New York City
Defeated Washington’s poorly trained troops on Long Island
Americans lucky to escape destruction
Low point for Revolution:
Morale down, Most soldiers’ enlistments up at end of 1776
Unlikely to re-enlist for another year

3. Trenton and Princeton Battle of Trenton: (Christmas 1776)
Washington crossed Delaware River to surprise Hessians
*Huge American victory
Loss of 4 men; captured 900 Hessians
Battle of Princeton: (Jan. 1777)
Washington defeats British Gen. Charles Cornwallis
*Morale and enlistments increased

4. *Battle of Saratoga (1777)
British hoped to cut New England off from the other states by capturing Hudson River
*Major American victory and Turning Point of the War
French now openly proclaimed themselves allies
Feb. 1778: Signed Treaty of Alliance
Needed Money, supplies, troops and *Navy

6. Valley Forge (Winter 1777-78)
Inadequately fed and clothed, Washington held his army together with great difficulty

8. War in the South ( )
British invaded and occupied important cities of Savannah, GA and Charlestown, SC
Mostly because of militia, unable to defeat Americans in countryside
“Swamp Fox” Francis Marion
Uses guerilla tactics to defeat British
Basis for “The Patriot”
General Cornwallis withdraws to Yorktown, VA

9. Yorktown: Final Victory (1781)
Cornwallis attempted to link up with British General (American traitor) Benedict Arnold
Washington’s army, with help from the French Army under Marquis de Lafayette and General Rochambeau trapped the British
French Navy under Admiral de Grasse cut off British escape to the sea

10. Cornwallis surrenders 8,500 troops

11. How Americans Won Fighting on home soil and for a cause
American Militia:
Guerilla Tactics
Superior wilderness fighters
Leadership:
Washington, George Rogers Clark, Layfayette, etc.
*Foreign aid
France especially, also Netherlands, Spain, Germany

12. Treaty of Paris (1783)
Negotiated by Ben Franklin, John Jay, and John Adams
Britain recognizes independence of 13 states
Borders:
North: Canada and Great Lakes
South: Spanish Florida
West: Mississippi River