BioEd Online Diversity of Life - Domain IV Part A: Biological Classification By Deanne Erdmann, M.S.

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Presentation transcript:

BioEd Online Diversity of Life - Domain IV Part A: Biological Classification By Deanne Erdmann, M.S.

BioEd Online Why Do We Classify Organisms? Biologists group organisms to represent similarities and proposed relationships. Classification systems change with expanding knowledge about new and well-known organisms. Tacitus bellus

BioEd Online Populus tremuloides Quaking Aspen Classification and Phylogeny Binomial Nomenclature Hierarchical Classification Systematics: Evolutionary Classification

BioEd Online Carolus von Linnaeus ( ) Swedish scientist who laid foundation for modern taxonomy Binomial Nomenclature Carolus von Linnaeus Two-word naming system Genus Noun, Capitalized, Underlined or Italicized Species Descriptive, Lower Case, Underlined or Italicized

BioEd Online Hierarchical Classification Taxonomic categories KingdomKing PhylumPhilip ClassCame OrderOver FamilyFor GenusGreen SpeciesSoup

BioEd Online Kingdoms and Domains BacteriaArchaeaEukarya BacteriaArchaeaProtistaPlantaeFungiAnimalia MoneraProtistaPlantaeFungiAnimalia The three-domain system The six-kingdom system The traditional five-kingdom system

BioEd Online Systematics: Evolutionary Classification of Organisms Systematics is the study of the evolution of biological diversity, and combines data from the following areas. Fossil record Comparative homologies Cladistics Comparative sequencing of DNA/RNA among organisms Molecular clocks

BioEd Online Taxonomic Diagrams MammalsTurtlesLizards and Snakes CrocodilesBirdsMammalsTurtlesLizards and Snakes CrocodilesBirds CladogramPhylogenetic Tree

BioEd Online Dichotomous Keys Identify Organisms Dichotomous keys versus evolutionary classification Dichotomous keys contain pairs of contrasting descriptions. After each description, the key directs the user to another pair of descriptions or identifies the organism. Example: 1.a) Is the leaf simple? Go to 2 b) Is the leaf compound? Go to 3 2.a) Are margins of the leaf jagged? Go to 4 b) Are margins of the leaf smooth? Go to 5

BioEd Online Thank You This concludes a brief review of biological classification. You may find additional information on this section of Domain IV, The Diversity of Life, in the expanded content talks, and in the notes below each slide in the slide library.