Chapter 1

 Students will understand atoms, the basic build blocks of matter.  Students will know the three types of elements on the periodic table.  Students will be able to identify the difference between chemical and physical change.  Students will be able to identify the difference between intensive and extensive properties.

 Is the study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter. It is the study, also, of the processes matter undergoes, and the energy changes accompany those processes.

 Chemical  Chemical- is any substance that has a definite composition.

 Matter is anything that occupies space  Mass is a discrete measure of matter  Compound is anything that can be broken down to simpler substances  Extensive properties depend on the amount of matter present. Mass is one.  Intensive properties do not depend on the amount of matter present, like density or melting point.

 Physical properties is a characteristic that can be seen without changing the substance, like its color.  Physical change is a change that does not change the identity of the substance, like melting or freezing

 Solids has defined shape and volume.  Liquids have defined volume but indefinite shape.  Gases have indefinite shape and volume.  Plasma is a high temperature state where the atoms have lost most of their electrons.

 Chemical Properties relate to the ability of a substance to undergo changes that transform it into different substances.  Chemical Change is the change of one substance to another.  Chemical reaction or change are the same.  Reactants are the starting materials in the reaction.  Products are the result of the reaction.

This thing all things devours: Birds beasts trees flowers; Gnaws iron bites steel; Grinds hard stones to meal; Slays king ruins town And beats high mountain down. What am I?

 Mixtures are combinations of more than one substance.  Solutions are the name of uniform mixtures.  Homogeneous is the name for one or all uniform mixtures as a group.  Heterogeneous is the name for one or all non- uniform mixtures.  Pure Substances have a set and predictable composition. They also have uniform characteristics.

 Groups are the vertical columns on the periodic table, and are also called Families.  Periods are the horizontal rows on the periodic table.

 Good heat conductor  Good electrical conductor  Almost all are solid at room temperature  Malleable  Ductile  Luster Tungsten

 Poor conductor of heat  Poor conductor of electricity  Most are gases at room temperature  Some are solids such as iodine, sulfur, carbon, phosphorous, and selenium.  Bromine is a liquid.

 Just can’t decide.  They have the characteristics of both metals and non-metals in differing degrees.  All are solids at room temperature.  They are mostly semiconductors.  Used in much of the modern technology, computers, batteries, electronics, and science.

 Are all found in group 8A (18A).  Are used in lighting and specialized industries and applications.  Have very different behaviors that the other elements across the periodic table.