CHAPTER 1 THE MODERN AGE Livin’ On A Prayer By Bon Jovi

BY 1500, EUROPE WAS EXPERIENCING PROFOUND CHANGES. People started to recognize the different eras that have existed. People started to recognize the different eras that have existed. –Middle Ages – Knights, Lords, Vassals, Peasants etc. –Renaissance – education, art, literature, science, (the Ninja Turtles) –Early Modern Age – the time we are about to look at.

RELIGIOUS CHANGES THE REFORMATION – dissent had been growing within the church. THE REFORMATION – dissent had been growing within the church. –People felt the church had become too wealthy and powerful. –Martin Luther pushed to keep the church plain and simple => Protestants.

- With people questioning the church, the kings powers increased => Divine Right of the King. - The modern idea of a ‘nation’ began to emerge. POLITICAL CHANGES

ECONOMIC CHANGES Agriculture was still the backbone but industry started to increase. Agriculture was still the backbone but industry started to increase. In many places serfs were no longer tied to the land. In many places serfs were no longer tied to the land. Trade encouraged exploration and empires emerged. Trade encouraged exploration and empires emerged.

SOCIAL CHANGES Improved agriculture meant less farmers (consolidation), better crops, and as result, a higher population, Improved agriculture meant less farmers (consolidation), better crops, and as result, a higher population, An increase in trade created a new Middle Class of people. An increase in trade created a new Middle Class of people. Rural life became replaced by an urban lifestyle => cities emerged. Rural life became replaced by an urban lifestyle => cities emerged.

INTELLECTUAL CHANGES Humanism – mode of thought in which human interests predominate (the church??). Humanism – mode of thought in which human interests predominate (the church??). Science expanded, challenging several old beliefs. Science expanded, challenging several old beliefs. »Copernius/Galileo => the sun was center of universe Inventions =>telescope, microscope, baby- trot, exploration Inventions =>telescope, microscope, baby- trot, exploration Literature, philosophers, and theatre. Literature, philosophers, and theatre.

THE DOMINO EFFECT Trucks are invented New ideas spread more quickly New laws and Regulations needed People travel more Horses and wagons No longer needed More and better roads are needed

CAUSE AND EFFECT Martin Luther posts 95 ThesisThe Reformation Trade expands exploration Empires Improved agriculture Increased population Renaissance The Early Modern Age