1. Chapter 1 Section 3; Societies of Europe

2. The Feudal System Lord – owned land
Vassal – given land in exchange for military service
Serf – peasant or slave
Little to no travel or trade

3. The Crusades:
Christians attempt to take Holy Land from Muslims
Effects on Travel/Trade:
New roads
Sailing technology
New products
Spices
Diamonds
Fruits
Gun powder

6. The “Silk Road”

7. Bubonic Plague (The Black Death)
1340’s
Nearly 2/3 of Europe’s population killed (20-50 million)
Feudal system over; workers seek better pay/land
Increased need for direct trade routes

8. Renaissance – 1300’s – 1600’s “rebirth”
Humanism – focus on the earthly self rather than church
New art, literature, architecture
Navigation improves:
Ships
Tools
Nautical star charts

9. Inventions and discovery
Printing press: device that mechanically printed pages
Currents:
North Atlantic
South Atlantic

10. Reformation: movement that divided the Christian church between Catholics and Protestants
Religious groups began to persecute, or mistreat, others
Motivated many Protestants to migrate to other areas.