Bulatom Confernce June 2007

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Bulatom Confernce 06-08 June 2007 Evaluation of the flow mixing in VVER-1000 downcomer under natural circulation. V. Lefterov, E. Popov Atoma Consult Ltd Bulatom Conference 28-30 May 2008 Atoma Consult Ltd www.atomaconsult.biz

Reasons for fluid mixing evaluation in a reactor downcomer: Bulatom Confernce 06-08 June 2007 Reasons for fluid mixing evaluation in a reactor downcomer: risk of over-criticality in a local volume of the reactor core by low boron concentration risk of over-criticality in a local volume of the reactor core by low coolant temperature risk of local pressurized thermal shock (PTS) on the reactor vessel wall Bulatom Conference 28-30 May 2008 Atoma Consult Ltd www.atomaconsult.biz

Evaluation of flow mixing – How to? Bulatom Confernce 06-08 June 2007 Evaluation of flow mixing – How to? large scale transparent model experiments large scale model experiments, using a lot of sensors in the facility Residence Time Distribution (RTD) method three dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) calculations. Bulatom Conference 28-30 May 2008 Atoma Consult Ltd www.atomaconsult.biz

CFD model – developed by Atoma Consult Ltd Bulatom Confernce 06-08 June 2007 CFD model – developed by Atoma Consult Ltd Two mutually independent components: Mesh – represents the geometrical characteristics of the investigated volume; Solver – implements the mathematical apparatus, applied in the analysis. Bulatom Conference 28-30 May 2008 Atoma Consult Ltd www.atomaconsult.biz

Investigated scenario Bulatom Confernce 06-08 June 2007 Investigated scenario Boundary conditions – Main Steam Line Break (MSLB) on loop 2 Calculations with RELAP5/mod3.3; Conservative initial and boundary conditions; Sensitivity study – failure of EFW and FAIV; Results: FAIV failure creates larger temperature difference (80 oC). Bulatom Conference 28-30 May 2008 Atoma Consult Ltd www.atomaconsult.biz

Initial and boundary conditions Bulatom Confernce 06-08 June 2007 Initial and boundary conditions Table I – Initial and boundary conditions for the CFD calculations Bulatom Conference 28-30 May 2008 Atoma Consult Ltd www.atomaconsult.biz

Bulatom Confernce 06-08 June 2007 Calculation results I Figure I – Velocity distribution Bulatom Conference 28-30 May 2008 Atoma Consult Ltd www.atomaconsult.biz

Calculation results II Bulatom Confernce 06-08 June 2007 Calculation results II Figure II – Velocity stream lines Bulatom Conference 28-30 May 2008 Atoma Consult Ltd www.atomaconsult.biz

Calculation results III Bulatom Confernce 06-08 June 2007 Calculation results III Figure III – Temperature distribution in the downcomer and the core inlet Bulatom Conference 28-30 May 2008 Atoma Consult Ltd www.atomaconsult.biz

Calculation results IV Figure IV– Loop 2 flow mixing in the downcomer and the core inlet Bulatom Conference 28-30 May 2008 Atoma Consult Ltd www.atomaconsult.biz

Calculation results IV Bulatom Confernce 06-08 June 2007 Calculation results IV Figure V – “Cold spot” rotation in the core inlet Bulatom Conference 28-30 May 2008 Atoma Consult Ltd www.atomaconsult.biz

Bulatom Confernce 06-08 June 2007 Sensitivity study Table II – Loop inlet velocities for the sensitivity study Bulatom Conference 28-30 May 2008 Atoma Consult Ltd www.atomaconsult.biz

Sensitivity study – results I Bulatom Confernce 06-08 June 2007 Sensitivity study – results I Figure VI – “Cold spot” rotation in the core inlet for the high velocity case Bulatom Conference 28-30 May 2008 Atoma Consult Ltd www.atomaconsult.biz

Sensitivity study – results II Bulatom Confernce 06-08 June 2007 Sensitivity study – results II Figure VII – “Cold spot” rotation in the core inlet for the medium velocity case Bulatom Conference 28-30 May 2008 Atoma Consult Ltd www.atomaconsult.biz

Sensitivity study – results III Bulatom Confernce 06-08 June 2007 Sensitivity study – results III Figure VIII – “Cold spot” rotation in the core inlet for the forced circulation case Bulatom Conference 28-30 May 2008 Atoma Consult Ltd www.atomaconsult.biz

Sensitivity study – summary Bulatom Confernce 06-08 June 2007 Sensitivity study – summary Table III – Summary on the sensitivity study results Bulatom Conference 28-30 May 2008 Atoma Consult Ltd www.atomaconsult.biz

Bulatom Confernce 06-08 June 2007 Conclusions Selected scenario – MSLB on VVER-1000 Boundary conditions – RELAP5/mod3.3; Flow mixing and rotation – CFD calculations; Applied software and models are adequately verified and validated; Results: Relatively small core inlet area (~5%) from the quarter fed by the broken loop inlet is with very low (0 - 10 %) mixing coefficient; The flow rotation is independent of the velocities magnitudes at constant “intact/damaged” loops velocity ratio; The flow rotation depends strongly on the “intact/damaged” loops velocity ratio; Results can be finally validated against large scale model experiments. Bulatom Conference 28-30 May 2008 Atoma Consult Ltd www.atomaconsult.biz