WARM UP! What are some challenges that face leaders making peace agreements at the end of a war? Arranging Peace

General John Pershing Pershing was in charge of the Allied Expeditionary Force in Europe during WWI He was THE commanding officer.

Meuse-Argonne Offensive: 900,000 Americans participated. It was the battle that forced Germany to surrender. The war ended on 11 November, 1918, at 11:00 a.m. The Allies Win Meuse-Argonne Offensive: 900,000 Americans participated. It was the battle that forced Germany to surrender. The war ended on 11 November, 1918, at 11:00 a.m. The Allies Win! America Turns the Tide

The Cost of the War A total of 22 million people died as a result of this conflict. More than half were civilians

The purpose of the 14 points was to avoid future war by: No more secret treaties/alliances Free trade should be maintained Reduce Arms (smaller militaries = smaller conflicts) Break up countries into smaller countries based on nationality. Create a League of Nations – a protecting group to prevent further conflict.

The purpose of the 14 points was to avoid future war by: Be soft on the Germans…

 Treaty of Versailles Great Britain, France, U.S.A. are involved Britain and France refuse to be soft on Germany. War Guilt Clause - Germany has to take full responsibility for the war. (pay for everything)$33 Billion!

New National Boundaries

League of Nations  Countries involved promise to promote peace and prevent other countries from aggression.  U.S. Congress never joins Wilson’s own creation! They fear it limits U.S.A.’s abilities of self-determination

After WWI, the US wanted to be left out of European affairs. We wanted nothing more to do with Europe… except trade.