1. Standards
U.S. 28
Identify and explain the impact of the following events and people during World War 1: Major turning points, Impact of trench warfare, use of new weapons and technologies, Herbert Hoover, John J. Pershing and the American Expeditionary Force, doughboys, and Alvin York.
U.S. 29
Analyze the aims and negotiating roles of world leaders, including Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points and the causes and effects of the United States’ rejection of the League of Nations on world

2. New Weapons and Tactics of WWI
Submarines- -underwater boats
Trenches- -hundreds of miles of ditches with a “no man’s”
land in between enemies
trench foot, disease, rats, lice
Mustard Gas- -burned eyes, nose, lungs
Poison Gas- -invisible and odorless
Airplanes- -used mostly for recognizance and spying
Tanks- -could move over rough terrain and barbed wire

3. Sergeant Alvin York
-Tennessean
-one of the most decorated soldiers of WWI
-received Medal of Honor for leading attack
on German machine gun nest, taking 32 machine
guns, killing 20 German soldiers, and capturing
132 others.

4. General John J. Pershing
-Lead the American Expeditionary Forces in Europe
-AEF fought alongside British, French, and Italians

5. Doughboys
-term for a member of the United States Army or
Marine Corps
-Today it is especially used to refer to members of
the American Expeditionary Forces in World War I.
-Later replaced with the term GI.

6. World War I officially ended on November 11, 1918 at
11:00am. (11th hour of the 11th month on the 11th day)
The Big Four Allies meet in Versailles, France to iron out the
Peace treaty.
-U.S.
-Britain
-France
-Italy

7. **Woodrow Wilson’s plan was based on what he referred to
as Fourteen Points.
-all colonies and nations have right to self-determination
-no more alliances
-freedom of the seas
-open trade between nations
-reduction of arms
-League of Nations - -an assembly of nations to protect
world peace.
**The other nations involved would not agree to Wilson’s
Fourteen Points because they wanted Germany to be
punished for its role in WWI.

8. Treaty of Versailles
-Germany lost 13% of its land
-12% of its people
-48% of its iron resources and 10% of its coal
-15% of it agricultural production
-An union between Germany and Austria was banned.
-Germany had to accept total blame for the war. (War Guilt Clause)
-Germany had to pay millions in compensation.
-Made Germany break down their military to 100,000 men, with
no air force, no tanks, no submarines, only 6 ships.
-A League of Nations was to be created to prevent further world conflict.
(Precursor to the United Nations)
**British and French wanted Germany punished. The U.S. Congress
refused to join the league of nations because they did not want to
give up their power to decide whether the U.S. would be pulled into
any more entanglements.