Monday, January 4 th, 2016 Welcome Back! Reminders: Phones Bathroom Absent Grocery Store Inventory Project due Friday (1/8/16) Unit 4B Notes due Monday 1/11/16 This week: Unit 4B – Land Use – in class project

Learning Goals and Activities Distinguish between urban and rural land Describe the major ways that humans use land Explain the benefits of preserving farmland Describe 2 ways that rangeland can be managed sustainably PowerPoint Video Worksheet

What do we use land for? (farming, homes, businesses, recreation, mining etc.) Land Use

UrbanRural (Land that is covered mainly with buildings and roads) (Land that contains relatively few people and large areas of open space)

Suburban Suburban = “inbetween” rural and urban Not as densely populated as urban centers Not as spread out as rural areas Residents work in the nearby urban center Better schools, less pollution (air, light, noise) Many suburbs are not centralized- cars are essential

Where do we live? Rural or Urban?

So what is Livingston Township? We are a suburb of cities - both Newark and NYC. That means that people live outside of the city where there is more space available and a semi-“rural” setting to raise families.

Rural Land Farmland Rangeland Forest Lands

Farmlands Farmland – land that is used to grow crops and fruit Urban development threatens the most productive farmland

Rangelands Rangeland – land that supports different vegetation types like grasslands, shrublands and deserts NOT used for farming instead used for grazing of livestock

Problems on the Range Overgrazing – allowing more animals to graze in an area than the range can support. Less desirable plant species invade area Lack of plants causes the soil to be eroded

Maintaining the Range The Public Rangelands Improvement Act of 1978 Limits herd sizes Land is left unused so that vegetation can recover Killing invasive plants Establishing small watering holes

Forestlands Forestlands – provide products that we use everyday such as paper, furniture, lumber and plywood for our homes. Most important service provided is the removal of CO2 from the air. Threats - deforestation

Wilderness Wilderness: A protected area of land in which no human development is permitted Wilderness Act (1964) - Set aside federally owned land

National Park System Created in 1916 Currently includes 58 parks Primary goal: Teach people about the natural environment, management of natural resources and history of a site

U Wilderness Act

How do you think land use has changed throughout time?

Coastal Monitoring and Observations 1. How did the wetlands change between 1990 and 1995? 2. Did the area become more or less developed between 1990 and 1995? 3. By what percent did the amount of land used for agriculture decrease? 4. Which type of land use is dominant in 1990? 5. Which type of land use is dominant in 1995? 6. What could be the cause of the increase in the amount of bare land between 1990 and 1995?

In the United States, each person depends upon 12 hectares of rural area for survival. The resources rural areas provide are called ecosystem services Identify some examples of ECOSYSTEM SERVICES a rural area provides to us: Food- grains, meat, veg. Water/air purification Cycling nutrients Aesthetics clothing from wool/cotton oxygen from trees/plants Ethanol Detoxification and decomposition of wastes