Why do we need energy resources?. Science and Technology The energy debate: What is the future of energy resources?

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Presentation transcript:

Why do we need energy resources?

Science and Technology The energy debate: What is the future of energy resources?

Learning objectives: To know which energy resource we use today to generate electricity To understand current debates on energy supply

Do fossil fuels have a future?

What are the advantages and disadvantages of fossil fuels? On your whiteboards write two advantages and two disadvantages

What is the cost of generating electricity? What does this show? Energy sourceCost (pence per kilowatt hour) Gas2.5p Coal3.2p Nuclear4.2p Onshore wind4.2p Offshore wind5.1p Wave and tidal14p Solar45p

What is the current situation? What does this show us when we compare energy sources today and in the future?

Answers Country Tonnes of CO₂ per person % of World population World emitter of CO₂ (rank order) Chad0 (6) No data available China3.2 (3) India1.2 (4) Tanzania0.1 (5) No data available UK9.4 (2) USA19.8 (1) Why does the USA produce so much CO₂? And Chad so little?

Energy use in different countries Country Tonnes of CO₂ per person % of World population World emitter of CO₂ (rank order) Chad0 No data available China % India % Tanzania0.1 No data available UK9.40.9% USA %

Energy use in different countries Country Tonnes of CO₂ per person % of World population World emitter of CO₂ (rank order) Chad0 No data available China %2 nd India %4 th Tanzania0.1 No data available UK9.40.9%7 th USA %1 st Why has UK slipped to 7 th place and China moved up to 2 nd place?

Nuclear power How does it work?

Advantages of nuclear power Almost zero emission (doesn't emit green house gases). It produces electricity without pollution. Does not consume fossil fuels which are getting scarcer and more expensive. They can be sited almost anywhere unlike oil which is mostly imported. The plants almost never experience problems. A small amount of matter creates a large amount of energy so there is little fear that we will run out of it. A lot of energy from a single power plant

Disadvantages of nuclear power More expensive to build the plant. Waste products dangerous and need to be carefully stored for long time as they are highly radioactive. This adds to the costs. Radioactive waste will remain radioactive for an unacceptable amount of time. Nuclear power plants can be very dangerous to its surroundings and employees. It would cost a lot of money to repair incase of spillages.

What happened at Chernobyl?

Chernobyl

Japan unveils plan to phase out nuclear power 14 September 2012 The Japanese government has unveiled a plan to phase out nuclear power by 2030, in a major policy shift after last year's Fukushima disaster.

British nuclear power The UK relies on atomic energy for nearly 20% of its electricity. But all but one of its existing power stations are due to close by No reactors have been built since the 1980s, as accidents, spiralling decommissioning costs and the problem of nuclear waste eroded enthusiasm. But with soaring oil and gas prices, dwindling fossil fuel reserves and pressure to tackle climate change, the government has renewed its support for nuclear power. It is backing a new generation of atomic power stations because it believes they provide the necessary security of supply while helping reduce carbon emissions.

Plenary Should Britain follow Japan in phasing out all nuclear power plants? Write a justified opinion in your books.