Diversity Dividend: The Chinese Economic Contribution Paul Spoonley Labour Market Dynamics Integration of Immigrants Massey University Cracking the Glass Ceiling Rising Dragons, Soaring Bananas July 2009 Auckland

Auckland 2016 Pakeha860,000 (+40,000) Maori183,000 (+40,000) Pacific peoples260,000 (+80,000) Asian peoples400,000 (+200,000)

Employment Barriers Credential recognition Employer attitudes/ practices –Surname/accent discrimination –New Zealand experience

Company Responses Skilled leadership –diversity aware Skill enhancement of all staff –exposure to new cultures Develop workplace diversity policies –multilingual recognition/recruitment

Chinese Ethnic Entrepreneurs Ethnic entrepreneurs –Ethnic embeddedness –Ethnic-specific social capital Ethnic co-financing

Ethnic Precincts Co-location of business activities Specific sites and dense activities Strip: Dominion Rd Conversions: Northcote Purpose-built: Meadowland Strip: Dominion Rd Conversions: Northcote Purpose-built: Meadowland

Research and Policy Questions Ethnic Precincts Are they evidence of parallel communities that might inhibit social integration? Are they evidence of low quality outcomes and poor economic incorporation?

Why Does It Matter? By 2011, 100% of net labour market growth in Canada will come from immigration. By 2031, 100% of net population growth will come from immigration.

Diversity Dividend Economic and social benefits Immigrant entrepreneurs/ethnic precincts Diversity as a brand advantage

INTEGRATION OF IMMIGRANTS PROGRAMME 2007 – 2012