The Golden Age of Greece Pericles plan – Introduced direct democracy – Strengthen Athenian navy – Build great buildings and sculptures to make Athens beautiful

Golden Age of Art and Architecture Art – Giant sculptures – Emphasis on beauty of humans Architecture – Emphasis on balance, harmony, and proportion – columns

Drama and History Tragedy: drama about hate, war, or betrayal Comedy: made fun of politicians and famous people History written by historians like Thuycidides

Philosophers Socrates – “Socratic Method”: question students – Examine your beliefs and morality – Quote: “There is only one good-knowledge; and there is only one evil-ignorance.” – Sentenced to death for corrupting youth of Athens

Philosophers Plato – Student of Socrates – Wrote book The Republic – Ideal political society Farmers and artisans Warriors Rulers: philosopher/kings

Philosophers Aristotle – Student of Plato – Explained nature in the world – Wrote books about psychology, physics, biology, and logic – Basis for Scientific Method

Greek Philosophy: summarize the ideas of the following philosophers:  Begin reading on page 138…  Sophists:  Socrates:  Aristotle:  Plato:  The Stoics (pg148)  The Epicureans (pg148)  Which of these philosophers do you most agree with? Explain why.

Alexander the Great Greece weakened by Peloponnesian Wars Alexander took control of Greece after death of his father Assembled large army and began the spread of Hellenistic (Greek) culture

Alexander’s Empire Spread Greek ideas and language to Egypt, Persian Empire, and to India Fought 11 years, then soldiers refused Merger of Greek and Persian culture emerged

Hellenistic Culture in Alexandria Trade and cultural center – Trade ships from around the Mediterranean – Cultural diversity – Beauty of Alexandria Wide streets Palaces Statues of Greek gods Lighthouse by the harbor Museum and library

Ancient Mediterranean