Miss LaFerriere Pre-AP World History I

Monarchy Ruled by kings or monarchs Rule is hereditary Some rulers came divine right Practiced in Mycenae (1450 B.C.E)

Ruled by nobility Rule is hereditary and based on land ownership Social status and wealth support authority Practiced in Athens (c.594 B.C.E)

Ruled by a small group of citizens Rule is based on wealth Ruling group controls military Practiced in Sparta ( B.C.E)

Ruled by the citizens Rule is based on citizenship Majority rule decides vote Practiced in Athens (c. 461 B.C.E)

Greece was made up of city-states, or polis A polis was made up of a city and its countryside which included numerous villages Most were between square miles Usually had no more than 20,000 residents

3 social groups Equals: descended from the invaders, controlled Sparta Half-citizens: free, paid taxes and served in the army but had no political power, some farmed but others worked in the city as traders or artisans Helots: slaves, greatly outnumbered the other groups so Spartans used force to control them, in large part this is why Sparta became a military city-state

Two kings led Sparta 1 king handled military 1 king took care of domestic matters A council of Elders Made up of 28 male citizens over the age of 60 Proposed laws and served as a criminal court An assembly Included all male citizens over 30 Elected 5 ephors Made sure the kings stayed within the law Elected for a 1 year term Controlled the education of Spartans

Goal was to make every male citizen a part of the military machine Military worked to expand Sparta and control the helots A group of officials examined new born babies and those deemed unhealthy were left to die At 7 boys left home to join the barracks Mainly military training but they also learned how to read and write From age they learned specifically about warfare At 20 they could marry but could not live at home until age 30 Were available for military service until the age of 60

Spartan women Received strict physical training Taught to be devoted to the city-state Their best value was seen as producing Spartan soldiers Results of military society: Strong government Almost unbeatable army No individual freedom Created almost no art or literature and made almost no advances in science

Went through stages of evolution in government Monarchy Aristocracy Tyranny Democracy

After the monarchy ended, an aristocracy took its place All adult male citizens met in an assembly Elected generals in time of war Elected nine archons (rulers with a 1 year term) First written code created around 621 Solon (archon in 594 B.C.) - tyrant Outlawed selling people into slavery to pay their debt Divided citizens into 4 groups based on wealth: wealthiest 2 could hold office

Origins of democratic principles Public debate Duties of the citizens Only free adult male citizens could participate Women and slaves were left out