Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration Aaron Geddes P.5 Llanos

About Photosynthesis & Cell Respiration In our earth all organism depend on free energy to sustain their life. The goal in living is to make ATP or (Adenosine Triphosphate) to use this free energy. Both Autotrophs and Heterotrophs use cellular respiration to make ATP. But since autotrophs make their own food they have to undergo photosynthesis. In the end all organism either an autotroph or a heterotroph have to undergo processes to use free energy.

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Adenosine Triphosphate or ATP is basically the energy currency for life. It's a high-energy molecule that stores the energy we need to do just about everything we do. ATP is remarkable for its ability to enter into many coupled reactions, both those to food to extract energy and with the reactions in other physiological processes to provide energy to them. The ATP is synthesized in a cell's mitochondria.

Photosynthesis The process that most autotrophs use to make food is called photosynthesis Autotrophs like plants take in carbon dioxide from the air and water from the soil; put them together (in the presence of light energy and chlorophyll) to produce sugar (glucose) and oxygen. Some of the glucose produced in photosynthesis is used for the plants growth and reproducing, while the excess glucose is converted to starch and stored throughout the plant. The oxygen made from photosynthesis is then released to the air, which animals and humans can use.

Cellular Respiration The process that every organism uses to break down chemical bonds to the readily usable energy currency for life, or ATP. Cellular Respiration the takes the products of photosynthesis, glucose and oxygen to break down. After the ATP is produced, carbon dioxide and water are released as metabolic waste. The carbon dioxide released binds with the water to form carbonic acid, helping to maintain the blood's pH, but since too much carbon dioxide lowers the blood's pH the excess carbon dioxide has to be removed from time to time.pH

Aerobic & Anaerobic Cellular Respiration Aerobic More Efficient (produces 38 ATP) Performed by Eukaryotic cells Goes from cytosol to the mitochondria Uses Oxygen Anaerobic Less Efficient (produced 2 ATP) Performed by Prokaryotic cells Only in the cytosol Does not use oxygen

Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Occurs in the presence of light (and chlorophyll in plant cells) Requires energy (light) to make sugar (glucose) Complex substances (sugar) are formed from simpler ones. Carbon dioxide and water are the raw materials. Oxygen is given out. Occurs at all times in cells. Releases energy from sugar Complex substances (sugar) are broken down into simpler ones Carbon dioxide and water are the waste products. Oxygen is taken in.