Ageing populations LO: Explain dependency and ageing ratios Examine the impacts of ageing populations using relevant case studies

Describe this areas population structure? Compare the age structure for this area with the UK average (3) Where in the UK could this pyramid be for? If you worked for the council in this area what problems may this structure provide you with?

Ageing / Greying Population This is when a country has a large number of people over the age of 65 in their country. What are the impacts on the country?

The consequences of an ageing population For your notes list at least 4 positives and 4 negatives for a country/ area with an ageing population……

What are the problems associated with having an ageing population? Having a large percentage of people over 65. People living longer Problems with health care -More health care needs to be provided as people get older. -More retirement homes, hospital beds, more undertakers. -More money spent on expensive medicines to keep people alive longer. -Need for more skilled workers – nurses, doctors, surgeons etc. Problems with finances Pensions – people living well into their retirement. Pensions need to be paid for longer amounts of time. Not enough younger workers to provide for pensions. 3 solutions -Increase taxes – not popular -Raise retirement age – not popular – people have been working hard all of their life looking forward to the day they retire to be told to work another 5 years? -Abolish state pensions – not popular – people would suffer – poor not able to fund private pension?

Case study: Japan

What can we tell about the life expectancy and birth rates? Who works and pays tax? Who is dependent?

Watch the following video on the ageing population in Japan 24 Make notes on… Why there is an ageing population? What are the positive consequences What are the negative consequences What is being done about the issue

Japan – Ageing Population FactsCausesEffects 20.8% of the population are aged 65 or over million pensioners. Birth rate below replacement level. -Life expectancy increasing, people living longer. (79 for men, 85 for women). -Healthy diet and lifestyle -Birth rate declining due to increase in the age of a woman having her first child (in 2006 this was 29.2 years). -Number of marriages decreasing. -Government raised retirement age from 60 to 65. -Increasing costs of medical care – mental health in the very old -Increase in numbers of people in nursing homes -Increase in costs of pensions as they are fewer people of working age to contribute – high dependency ratio.

The united Kingdom (East Devon – area not city) You need to use specific detail related to case study i.e. advantage grey pound contributes $60 million per year, disadvantage is that as East Devon has a dispersed settlement pattern it is hard to meet the needs of the area with transport- ring and ride service developed

Take a class vote: Which poses a bigger problem- ageing or youthful populations? Make sure you can explain your answer.