Formatting a Mail Questionnaire Appearance and placement of questions on page(s) A well-planned and constructed questionnaire will increase response rate
Components Instructions –Respondent’s roadmap Transitional phrases –Changing topics Graphics –Arrows, tables, logos, hats Paper color Arrangement of questions and options –Page or column width –Vertical or horizontal –Easy to difficulty Coherent grouping of questions –Get the first one right –Put the demographics at the end
Arrangement of Options Names and addresses of person to whom the questionnaire should be returned on questionnaire and self- addressed stamped envelope Identification number- tell what it is and why it is used
Writing Options for Mail Questionnaires Well-written close-ended options are more likely to elicit reliable and accurate responses and give you the information you want Good_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Bad SA AN D SD Independent alternatives – not meant to be ordered –Were you in 4-H? ___ Yes ___ No If yes, then how many years________
Writing Options Include all possible alternatives Make options mutually exclusive –Age ranges (20-30) (31-40) (41-50) Include a don’t know option Provide memory cues Choose appropriate presentation and arrangement for your options –Implications for coding, entering, and analyzing data Balance points along a scale
Obtaining Response to a Mail Survey What motivates individuals to respond? –Hope to obtain a reward –All activities incur a cost –People want to keep costs below rewards they expect to receive
What You Can Do To Maximize Survey Response Minimize cost for responding Maximize the rewards to responding Establish trust that the rewards will be delivered Time, physical/mental effort, personal risk, subordination to the evaluator, direct monetary costs Positive regard, expression of appreciation, being consulted, supporting ones values, tangible items Associate with legitimate organization include tokens of trust, promises of future rewards
Communicating With Respondents Pre-letters—inform them of pending questionnaire Cover Letters—Very Important Reminder Card—an inoffensive reminder Follow-up—essential to obtain maximum response
Key Parts of Cover Letters For Mailed Surveys Identify the usefulness of the study Indicate that their response is important Indicate that their information will be treated confidentially Other –Offer to send a summary of the results –Offer to replace questionnaire –Offer to answer questions –Include postage-paid, pre-addressed return envelope
Procedural Considerations Assign responsibilities Number of questionnaires Mailing pointers Send to place most likely to be completed Make it attractive Consider first impression Speed of response –Timing and survey schedule is important Plan 1.Who 2.What 3.Why 4.When 5.How
How Much is Enough? Rule of thumb Get 25% on the first wave Get 15% on the second wave Get 10% on the last wave When to stop? –After follow up with mail and phone 50%
Summary Components and Arrangement Writing Options Maximize Response Rates Communication Via Cover Letter and on Survey Procedure