Do Now ■Pick up a copy of the “Olmec and Chavín” notes off the table ■Do not pick up the DOL

Do Now, Cont. 1.How were the roles of women in China and India similar? a.Both were expected to obey their husbands and fathers b.Women had the right to divorce their husbands and own property c.Women participated in government d.Women were the leaders of the merchant trade e.None of the above

Do Now, Cont. 2.Which of the following explains why the Indus River Valley urban centers were abandoned and replaced with patriarchal villages? a.Political crisis b.Economic crisis c.Social crisis d.All of the above e.None of the above

Do Now, Cont. 3.Which of the following explains the difference between Buddhism and Hinduism? a.Hinduism believes all creatures have value b.Buddhism believes that cows are sacred c.Hinduism has a rigid social hierarchy; Buddhism does not d.Buddhism has a rigid social hierarchy; Hinduism does not e.Buddhism originated in China

Lesson Objective ■1.1, 1.2, 1.3: we’re going to identify the location and characteristics of “core and foundational civilizations.”

Hook ■

Hook

■Where did you come from? ■How has your family influenced you (Beliefs, ideas, values, etc.; be specific)? ■How have the generations before you influenced you? ■What connections can you make with your family and the ancient Native Americans living in Mesoamerica?

The Americas: CA 8000 BCE-600 CE Vocabulary Terms: 1.Olmec 2.Secular 3.Chavín 4.Mesoamerica

The Western Hemisphere ■By 13,000 BCE, humans had migrated to the Western Hemisphere from Asia ■Political and social structures of the Olmec and Chavín societies were similar to those in Mesopotamia, Egypt, Indus, and China. ■Early American civilizations established a foundation for the classical age of the Maya, Aztecs, and Inca.

Western Hemisphere ■By 3000 BCE, people in Mesoamerica had developed an agricultural system based on maize, tomatoes, peppers, squash, and potatoes. ■South America relied on manioc as the base of their agriculture ■Domesticated dogs*, llamas, guinea pigs, and turkeys ■Smaller number of beasts of burden may explain the difference in development

Olmec ■ BCE ■Never politically unified, but societies had shared political and societal characteristics (because of trade) ■As agriculture expands, specialization allows for the development of religious and political figures ■These people gained status, and used that status to organize the labor of the people ■Olmec urban centers included large-scale religious and civic buildings

Olmec ■Speculated that Olmec had a king who had religious and secular duties ■Famous large stone heads found in Olmec territory ■Elaborate religious rituals dedicated to their many deities (male and female)

Olmec

■Writing system of the Olmec influenced the Maya ■Calendar based on astronomical observations ■Probably developed a ritual ball game that was used by many Mesomaerican societies

Olmec ■The Olmec never physically dominated their neighbors, but they were clearly an influence.

Chavín ■Prospered between 900 and 250 BCE ■Irrigation networks, ceremonial plazas, pyramids ■Growth enabled by their location along trade routes

Chavín ■As their society grew, they developed a reciprocal labor system that constructed irrigation networks, bridges, and roads ■Details of the system are unknown ■Crucial to Chavín success was the domestication of the llama ■Llamas provided meat, wool, and transportation

Chavín ■Regional wars disrupted civilization ■Weakened the ruling class and led to the collapse of Chavín societies

Anchor Charts ■There are six separate civilizations that we’ve discussed over the past few days: –Mesopotamia, Tigris-Euphrates Rivers (Iraq) –Egypt, Nile River (Egypt) –Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa, Indus River (India/Pakistan) –China, Yellow or Huang He River (China) –Olmecs (Mesoamerica) –Chavín (Mesoamerica)

Anchor Charts ■With your group, you are going to create an anchor chart that compares all six civilizations. ■Include the following: 1.Geographic Location 2.Geographic features 3.Government structure 4.Religions (or philosophies) 5.Structures 6.Writing System 7.Technological Advancements

Anchor Charts ■Show the connections between the various civilizations and things that they had in common.

DOL ■Put away your notes ■Turn in your work ■Pick up the DOL SILENTLY ■Complete the DOL SILENTLY ■Turn it in to the little blue basket