Qualitative Approaches for Food and Nutrition Security Assessments Training Workshop Qualitative Approaches for FS Assessments – prepared with ECHO financial assistance

Welcome and Introductions Qualitative Approaches for FS Assessments

Let’s Get to Know Each Other Qualitative Approaches for FS Assessments

Let’s Agree on Some Ground Rules Qualitative Approaches for FS Assessments

Expectations Qualitative Approaches for FS Assessments

Workshop Objectives By the end of this workshop Participants are expected to: Demonstrate an improved understanding of the importance of qualitative data in food security assessments. Upgrade their skills in conducting qualitative data collection methods and using tools Be able to analyze qualitative FSNA data, including complementing it with quantitative data Qualitative Approaches for FS Assessments

Workshop Agenda Qualitative Approaches for FS Assessments

Before we get going… I’m afraid it’s time for a Test ! Qualitative Approaches for FS Assessments

WFP Initial QFSA A LearningSession 1: 9

Oh…it’s not that bad. Qualitative Approaches for FS Assessments

What is Food Security? “Access by all people at all times to food required for health life” “A situation that exists when all people, at all times, have physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life.” Qualitative Approaches for FS Assessments

Natural, Physical, Human, Economic, Social Assets EXPOSURE TO SHOCKS AND HAZARDS Nutrition Status/ Mortality Individual Food Intake Health Status/ Disease HH Food Access Care/Health Practices Health & Hygiene Conditions HH Food Production, Gifts, Exchange, Cash Earnings, Loan, Savings, Transfers Individual Level Community / HH level Livelihood Assets Context/ Framework Food Availability/Mark ets Basic Services & Infrastructure Political, Economical, Inst’l, Security, Social, Cultural, Gender, Environment Agro-ecological Conditions/ Climate HH Level Livelihood Outcomes Livelihood Strategies Qualitative Approaches for FS Assessments

Conceptual Framework: Sustainable Livelihoods It’s ONE WAY of “organising” the complex issues surrounding food insecurity, well-being, income, and sustainability of livelihoods It’s NOT the ONLY WAY Like all frameworks, it needs to be: oModified o Adapted o M ade appropriate to local circumstances o Made appropriate to local priorities Qualitative Approaches for FS Assessments

What is a “Livelihood” A livelihood comprises the capabilities, assets (including both material and social resources) and activities required for a means of living. A livelihood is sustainable when it can cope with and recover from stresses and shocks and maintain or enhance its capabilities (hence, resilience) and assets both now and in the future, while not undermining the natural resource base. Qualitative Approaches for FS Assessments

Livelihoods assets Financial Capital Natural Capital Social Capital Physical Capital Human Capital Household Qualitative Approaches for FS Assessments

The Asset Mix Different households with different access to livelihood “assets” Livelihoods affected by: o diversity of assets o amount of assets Qualitative Approaches for FS Assessments

So…….. Human capital has labor capacity no education limited skills Natural capital landless access to common property resources Financial capital low wage no access to credit Physical capital poor water supply poor housing poor communications Social capital low social status descrimination against women strong links with family & friends traditions of reciprocal exchange = an extremely reduced “livelihood pentagon” Landless female Agricultural Laborer head of household Financial Capital Social Capital Physical Capital Human Capital Natural Capital Qualitative Approaches for FS Assessments

FP H N S Household Vulnerability Context Shocks Seasonality Trends Changes Political Strife Conflict “Vulnerability” Context Qualitative Approaches for FS Assessments

Policies, Institutions & Processes Policies of government of different LEVELS of government of NGOs of interational bodies Institutions Processes political, legislative & representative bodies executive agencies judicial bodies civil society & membership organisations NGOs law, money political parties commercial enterprises & corporations the “rules of the game” decision-making processes social norms & customs gender Qualitative Approaches for FS Assessments

Policies Institutions Processes FP H N S Household Vulnerability Context Shocks Seasonality Trends Changes influence Policies, Institutions & Processes Qualitative Approaches for FS Assessments

Livelihood Strategies Combining: the assets they can access Taking account of: the vulnerability context Supported or obstructed by: policies, institutions and processes. ………..………..leading to Qualitative Approaches for FS Assessments

Livelihood Outcomes Food insecurity, thus, is a “poor” livelihood outcome due to: a fragile or unbalanced set of livelihood assets (not enough or not the “right” mix) inability to sustain to shocks, changes or trends limited support/protection provided (policies, institutions) livehood options combined in a “bad” or unsustainable strategy Qualitative Approaches for FS Assessments

The Sustainable Livelihoods Framework Policies Institutions Processes N S F P H Household Vulnerability Context Shocks Seasonality Trends Changes influence Livelihood Strategies Livelihood Outcomes Qualitative Approaches for FS Assessments

UNDERSTANDING generated from applying the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework PRINCIPLES for action to address poverty and food insecurity Qualitative Approaches for FS Assessments

Break 30 min Qualitative Approaches for FS Assessments