6 Chapter 6: The Internet 1 Intrusion Attempts  An intrusion is any access to data or programs by hackers, criminals, or other unauthorized persons  Looking for open ports is one of the most common ways of gaining unauthorized access to a network-based computer  A port probe (or port scan) uses automated software to locate computers that have open ports and are vulnerable to unauthorized access

6 Chapter 6: The Internet 2 Securing Ports  One of the easiest steps to enhance your computer’s security is to turn it off when you aren’t using it  A firewall is software or hardware designed to filter out suspicious packets attempting to enter or leave a computer

6 Chapter 6: The Internet 3 Virtual Private Networks  It is possible to secure remote connections by setting up virtual private network (VPN) access to a remote access server in the corporate office  Access to a VPN is usually by invitation only. Employees who need to access a VPN are given the necessary instructions, addresses, and passwords to make connections

How will you utilize the internet in your IT professional career?

What is the Web? an Internet service that offers a vast collection of documents, graphics, digitized video clips, and sound files that can be accessed by following links

What does VPN stand for? Virtual Private Network

What does ISP stand for? Internet Service Provider

The Web &

7 Chapter 7: The Web and 9 Web Basics  The Web is a collection of document, image, video, and sound files  A Web site contains a collection of related information

Internet & The Web Internet: a vast network designed to transfer data from one computer to another The Web: a collection of document, image, video, and sound files

7 Chapter 7: The Web and 11 Web Basics  A Web server accepts requests from browsers  A Web page is the product or output of one or more Web- based files displayed in a format similar to a page in a book  A Web browser is client software that displays Web page elements and handles links between pages  Every Web page has a unique address called a URL

7 Chapter 7: The Web and 12 HTML  Set of specifications for creating documents that a browser can display as a Web page

HTML: Stands for Hyper Text Markup Language. Predominant markup language for web pages. XHTML: Stands for Extensible Hyper Text Markup Language. Family of XML markup languages that mirror or extend versions of widely used HTML. DHTML: Stands for Dynamic Hyper Text Markup Language. Collection of technologies used together to create interactive and animated web sites.

HTTP Stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol – networking protocol for distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information systems – it is the foundation of data communication for the World Wide Web

7 Chapter 7: The Web and 16 Web Browsers  Help you access Web pages  Upgrade to new browser versions as they become available  Popular browsers: –Internet Explorer –Mozilla Firefox –Apple Safari –Netscape Navigator –Opera

Do you have a favorite browser?

7 Chapter 7: The Web and 18 Web Browsers  Helper applications extend browser’s ability to work with file formats –A plug-in is a type of helper application (ex. QuickTime, Flash) –A player is any helper application or plug-in that helps a browser display a particular file format

7 Chapter 7: The Web and 19 Cookies  Small chunk of data generated by a Web server and stored in a text file on computer’s hard disk –can be used for authentication, storing site preferences, shopping cart contents, etc.  Your computer does not have to accept cookies

7 Chapter 7: The Web and 20 Web Page Authoring  Online Web authoring tools  Web authoring software –Adobe Dreamweaver –Microsoft Expression Web  Text editor

7 Chapter 7: The Web and 21 HTML Scripts  HTML scripts can perform complicated tasks and respond to user actions –HTML forms –Server-side script –Client-side script –Java applet –ActiveX control

7 Chapter 7: The Web and 22 Search Engine Basics  A Web search engine is a program designed to help people locate information on the Web by formulating simple keyword queries

7 Chapter 7: The Web and 23 Search Engine Basics  A Web crawler is a computer program that is automated to methodically visit Web sites  A search engine indexer is software that pulls keywords from a Web page and stores them in a database  A search engine’s query processor looks for your search terms in search engine’s indexed database and returns a list of relevant Web sites  Link popularity is measured by quantity and quality of links from one Web page to others  A meta keyword is entered into a header section of a Web page when it is created and is supposed to describe the page contents

7 Chapter 7: The Web and 24 Citing Web-Based Source Material To copy a passage of text from a Web page, highlight the text, click the Edit menu, then select Copy. Next, switch to your own document and use the Paste option.

7 Citing Web-Based Source Material Chapter 7: The Web and 25

For APA formatting I recommend using Purdue Owl to help with citing sources 0/01/

7 Chapter 7: The Web and 27 E-commerce Basics  Business transactions conducted electronically over a computer network –B2C (business-to-consumer) –C2C (consumer-to-consumer) –B2B (business-to-business) –B2G (business-to-government)

7 Chapter 7: The Web and 28 E-commerce Basics  Enhances traditional business models  Styles of online advertisements –Banner ad –Hover ad –Pop-up ad Click-through rate  Ad-blocking software prevents ads from appearing on screens

7 Chapter 7: The Web and 29 Online Shopping In a typical shopping session, you connect to an online storefront and use navigation controls to browse through the merchant’s catalog. As you browse, you can drop items into your electronic shopping cart. At the checkout counter, you enter the information necessary to pay for the items you selected.

7 Chapter 7: The Web and 30 Online Auctions  An online auction is the electronic equivalent to good old- fashioned yard sales, rummage sales, and auctions  You can expect to bid on new, used, closeout, overstock, or refurbished items at an online auction  Computer software takes the place of an auctioneer

7 Chapter 7: The Web and 31 Online Payment  The most popular ways to make online payments include submitting your credit card number directly to a merchant and using a third-party payment service such as PayPal  Online shoppers are justifiably worried that personal information and credit card numbers supplied in the course of an e-commerce transaction might be hijacked and used inappropriately

7 Chapter 7: The Web and 32 Online Payment  A secure connection encrypts the data transmitted between your computer and a Web site SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) TLS (Transport Layer Security) S-HTTP (secure HTTP)

7 Chapter 7: The Web and 33 Online Payment  Person-to-person payments are an alternative to credit cards –The payment service is the only entity that sees your credit card number  An electronic wallet is software that stores billing and shipping information

Social Networking & Professional Networking Social Networks – Facebook – MySpace – Twitter Professional Networks – LinkedIn

TED Video nnovation.html

7 Chapter 7: The Web and 36 Overview  Any person with an account can send and receive e- mail messages

7 Chapter 7: The Web and 37 Overview  Basic activities –Writing –Reading –Replying to –Forwarding

7 Chapter 7: The Web and 38 Overview  attachments are files that travel with an message

7 Chapter 7: The Web and 39

7 Chapter 7: The Web and 40 Netiquette  Internet etiquette –Meaningful subject –Use uppercase and lowercase letters –Check spelling –Be careful what you send –Be polite –Be cautious with sarcasm and humor

7 Chapter 7: The Web and 41 Netiquette –Use smileys and text messaging shorthand cautiously –Use the Bcc function for group mailings –Don’t send replies to all recipients –Don’t send huge attachments –Explain attachments –Stay alert for viruses –Notify recipients of viruses

7 Chapter 7: The Web and 42 Technology  systems carry and manipulate messages  Three types of systems widely used today: –POP (Post Office Protocol) –IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol) –Web-based

7 Chapter 7: The Web and 43 Technology  Web-based accounts allow you to use a browser to access your messages

7 Chapter 7: The Web and 44 Spam  Spam is unwanted electronic junk mail about medical products, low-cost loans, and fake software upgrades that arrives in your online mailbox  A spam filter is a type of utility software that captures unsolicited messages before they reach your inbox

7 Chapter 7: The Web and 45 Phishing  Phishing is an based scam designed to persuade you to reveal confidential information, such as your bank account number or Social Security number  If you don’t want to become a phishing victim, be suspicious of messages that supposedly come from banks, ISPs, online payment services, operating system publishers, and online merchants

7 Fake Sites  A fake Web site looks legitimate, but has been created by a third party to be a very clever replica of a legitimate Web site  Pharming is an exploit that redirects users to fake sites by poisoning a domain name server with a false IP address Chapter 7: The Web and 46

7 Chapter 7: The Web and 47