Chapter 3 Bennett 2015

The First English Settlements England competed with other European countries for colonies in the Americas.England competed with other European countries for colonies in the Americas. British set up colonies on the East Coast of North America. British set up colonies on the East Coast of North America.

England’s first colonies in the americas Colonies provided new markets for British goods to be sold and gave them new natural resources (Columbian Exchange.)Colonies provided new markets for British goods to be sold and gave them new natural resources (Columbian Exchange.) Started in the 1500s.Started in the 1500s.

Checkpoint- answer in notes What benefit did the colonies in the Americas give the British? What benefit did the colonies in the Americas give the British?

Founding Jamestown King of England granted a charter to the Virginia Company giving them land along the Atlantic Coast. King of England granted a charter to the Virginia Company giving them land along the Atlantic Coast. First colonists arrived in 1607 and set up the Jamestown Colony.First colonists arrived in 1607 and set up the Jamestown Colony.

Struggles in Jamestown Men did not want to do the farm work to grow crops. Men did not want to do the farm work to grow crops. Spent too much time searching for goldSpent too much time searching for gold Within just one year, only 38 of the original 100 settlers were still alive.Within just one year, only 38 of the original 100 settlers were still alive.

John Smith takes charge Sent from London to take care of the colonySent from London to take care of the colony Firm leader with tough new rules. Firm leader with tough new rules. “He who works not, eats not.” “He who works not, eats not.” More people arrived and learned how to farm.More people arrived and learned how to farm. Smith led raids on Native American villages.Smith led raids on Native American villages.

The Starving Time Smith retuned to England in 1609.Smith retuned to England in Colony suffered without his leadership. Colony suffered without his leadership. Ran out of food.Ran out of food. Fought with the Native Americans Fought with the Native Americans By 1610, only 60 colonists were still alive.By 1610, only 60 colonists were still alive.

Checkpoint question- Answer in your notes Why did the settlers at Jamestown have difficulties at first?Why did the settlers at Jamestown have difficulties at first?

Jamestown prospers New leaders were sent from England to run the colonyNew leaders were sent from England to run the colony Found a profitable crop that they could grow and ship back to England where they could sell it to other nations.Found a profitable crop that they could grow and ship back to England where they could sell it to other nations. TobaccoTobacco

Jamestown government House of Burgesses- representative government. House of Burgesses- representative government. Representative government- government in which voters elect people to make laws for them.Representative government- government in which voters elect people to make laws for them. First representative government in North America.First representative government in North America. Started using slave labor from Africans brought to the Caribbean.Started using slave labor from Africans brought to the Caribbean.

Checkpoint: How did the House of Burgesses work?How did the House of Burgesses work?

Plymouth Colony A group of pilgrims boarded the Mayflower and set sail for the New World A group of pilgrims boarded the Mayflower and set sail for the New World. Landed in Massachusetts. Named their new colony Plymouth.Landed in Massachusetts. Named their new colony Plymouth. Signed the Mayflower Compact to set up laws and rules for the colonySigned the Mayflower Compact to set up laws and rules for the colony Idea of self government would influence the future Constitution of the U.S.Idea of self government would influence the future Constitution of the U.S.

First Thanksgiving Chief Squanto showed pilgrims how to plant various crops. Chief Squanto showed pilgrims how to plant various crops. Pilgrims gave “thanks” to Natives and held a feast. Pilgrims gave “thanks” to Natives and held a feast.

Checkpoint Question Why was the mayflower compact important?Why was the mayflower compact important?

Chapter 3, section 2 The New England Colonies

New England Geography Consists of present day states: Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Vermont, New Hampshire, Connecticut and Maine.Consists of present day states: Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Vermont, New Hampshire, Connecticut and Maine. Made up of hills and low mountainsMade up of hills and low mountains Large areas covered by forestsLarge areas covered by forests Soil is rocky and thin Soil is rocky and thin Near the coast, the coastline is rocky and jagged which makes it one of the best places to fish in the world.Near the coast, the coastline is rocky and jagged which makes it one of the best places to fish in the world.

Climate Winters are long and snowy Winters are long and snowy Summers are short and mildSummers are short and mild Climate helped colonists live longer in the Plymouth colony than they did in the Virginia colony because disease did not spread as rapidly.Climate helped colonists live longer in the Plymouth colony than they did in the Virginia colony because disease did not spread as rapidly.

Puritans in Massachusetts Bay Disagreed with the Anglican Church (Church of England) Disagreed with the Anglican Church (Church of England) Wanted to reform the ChurchWanted to reform the Church King Charles I persecuted the Puritans and forced them to give up their jobs.King Charles I persecuted the Puritans and forced them to give up their jobs. Many decided to leave England.Many decided to leave England.

Puritan voyage to the Americas In 1630, 900 set sail on 11 shipsIn 1630, 900 set sail on 11 ships Led by John Winthrop a respected lawyer Led by John Winthrop a respected lawyer Established the Massachusetts Bay Colony.Established the Massachusetts Bay Colony. Main town was BostonMain town was Boston By 1643, 20,000 people settled thereBy 1643, 20,000 people settled there Formed their own representative governmentFormed their own representative government Only adult males living in the colony could vote.Only adult males living in the colony could vote. Were not tolerant to other religions other than PuritanismWere not tolerant to other religions other than Puritanism Others could not vote unless they were Puritans.Others could not vote unless they were Puritans.

New colonies Roger Williams founded the colony Providence Roger Williams founded the colony Providence Believed that colonists should pay Native Americans for their land.Believed that colonists should pay Native Americans for their land. 1644, Rhode Island receives a charter from the king granting them the right to set up their own colony of Rhode Island.1644, Rhode Island receives a charter from the king granting them the right to set up their own colony of Rhode Island. Practice religious tolerance in the colony.Practice religious tolerance in the colony. Allowed Jews to settle in Rhode Island. Allowed Jews to settle in Rhode Island.

Dissent with the Puritans Anne Hutchinson disagreed with Puritans and left to establish a settlement in Rhode IslandAnne Hutchinson disagreed with Puritans and left to establish a settlement in Rhode Island Thomas Hooker disagreed and left to establish a colony in Connecticut.Thomas Hooker disagreed and left to establish a colony in Connecticut. John Wheelright established a colony in New Hampshire for the same reasons.John Wheelright established a colony in New Hampshire for the same reasons.

Growth and Change Puritans governed their towns by using town meetings.Puritans governed their towns by using town meetings. An assembly of townspeople who discussed local issues An assembly of townspeople who discussed local issues Set taxes and established local rules. Set taxes and established local rules. Only male households were allowed to serve. Only male households were allowed to serve.

Economy Built ships Built ships Fished for cod Fished for cod Grew crops Grew crops Made leather Made leather Some farmed Some farmed

New England shipbuilding

King Philips’ War Wampanoag tribe was upset with the expansion of the colonies in New England.Wampanoag tribe was upset with the expansion of the colonies in New England. Led by Chief Metacom (aka King Philip) native tribes attacked the settlers in 1676.Led by Chief Metacom (aka King Philip) native tribes attacked the settlers in War lasted a yearWar lasted a year Thousands were killed.Thousands were killed. Natives were defeated and colonists could now expand further into native’s territory. Natives were defeated and colonists could now expand further into native’s territory.

Puritan influence declines Settlers began to focus less on religion and more on business.Settlers began to focus less on religion and more on business. Boston became a thriving town filled with merchants.Boston became a thriving town filled with merchants.