Video Questions What elements were created during the big bang? What elements are created as fusion in stars? What elements are created during a super nova explosion? How does the mass of the star effect element creation?
Where do elements come from? 4/26/2017 Where do elements come from?
The First Elements in the Early Universe 4/26/2017 The First Elements in the Early Universe Hydrogen and Helium were the first elements Where do the other 90 naturally occurring elements originate (come) from? Stars Fusion in stars and Supernovae
Elements in the stars as viewed from Earth 4/26/2017 Elements in the stars as viewed from Earth
Elements are made in stars 4/26/2017 Elements are made in stars Stars are hot ionized balls of gas (plasma) full of energy and are held together by gravity Everything is made from the elements created in massive stars. Stars are huge factories producing the elements found in the Universe.
What is Nuclear Fusion? Combining of atomic nuclei 4/26/2017 Combining of atomic nuclei The star creates heat and light by nuclear fusion. Light Hydrogen atoms fuse into Helium atoms.
Lighter Elements: Atomic # ≤ 26 4/26/2017 Lighter Elements: Atomic # ≤ 26 Lighter elements fuse to create heavier elements like carbon and oxygen During the life span of a star, fusion can take place up to the formation of Iron (Fe)
© 2004 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Addison-Wesley Supergiants What happens to the high mass stars when they exhaust their He fuel? They have enough gravitational energy to heat up to 6 x 108 K. C fuses into O C is exhausted, core collapses until O fuses. The cycle repeats itself. O Ne Mg Si Fe © 2004 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Addison-Wesley
Heavier Elements: Atomic # > 26 Supernova The amount of energy released is so great, that most of the elements heavier than Iron (Fe) are instantly created. Crab Nebula in Taurus supernova exploded in 1054
Tycho’s Supernova (X-rays) Supernovae Tycho’s Supernova (X-rays) exploded in 1572 Veil Nebula
4/26/2017 After a supernova, a solar nebula is formed which contains heavier elements This nebula forms new stars with a higher concentration of heavier elements Our Sun has 67 different elements and is thus a later generation or “recycled” star
Where do elements come from?
Where do elements come from? 4/26/2017 Where do elements come from? Big Bang Fusion in Stars HHeC… Supernovas - Recycled Matter