Rosnow, Beginning Behavioral Research, 5/e. Copyright 2005 by Prentice Hall Ch. 3: Ethical Considerations and Guidelines.

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Rosnow, Beginning Behavioral Research, 5/e. Copyright 2005 by Prentice Hall Ch. 3: Ethical Considerations and Guidelines

Rosnow, Beginning Behavioral Research, 5/e. Copyright 2005 by Prentice Hall Ethical Issues in Research Ethical guidelines help answer the question, “Should I do this study?” Five principles remind researchers of their responsibility: Not to do harm to research participants. To do beneficial research in a way that will produce valid results.

Rosnow, Beginning Behavioral Research, 5/e. Copyright 2005 by Prentice Hall Principle I: Respect for Persons and Their Autonomy Participation in research should be voluntary. Termination of participation at any time is permissible. Role of the informed consent form.

Rosnow, Beginning Behavioral Research, 5/e. Copyright 2005 by Prentice Hall Principle II. Beneficence and Nonmaleficence Beneficence: “The doing of good” Nonmaleficence: “Not doing harm” Role of the Institutional Review Board (IRB). Grants approval only after conducting a risk-benefit analysis of the proposed study.

Rosnow, Beginning Behavioral Research, 5/e. Copyright 2005 by Prentice Hall Idealized Risk-Benefit Ethical Evaluation: Decision-Plane Model

Rosnow, Beginning Behavioral Research, 5/e. Copyright 2005 by Prentice Hall Principle III. Justice The burdens as well as the benefits of research should be distributed fairly. Involves issues of fair-mindedness or impartiality.

Rosnow, Beginning Behavioral Research, 5/e. Copyright 2005 by Prentice Hall Principle IV. Trust Based on assumption that: People will be told what they are getting into (i.e., informed consent). Nothing will be done to jeopardize this trust. Importance of confidentiality

Rosnow, Beginning Behavioral Research, 5/e. Copyright 2005 by Prentice Hall Principle V. Fidelity and Scientific Integrity Ethical obligation to pursue valid knowledge. Poor quality research: Wastes resources. May be misleading if not potentially damaging to society.

Rosnow, Beginning Behavioral Research, 5/e. Copyright 2005 by Prentice Hall Deception Deception can occur in two ways: Active deception (or deception by commission) Passive deception (or deception by omission) Milgram’s controversial use of deception When is deception justified?

Rosnow, Beginning Behavioral Research, 5/e. Copyright 2005 by Prentice Hall Debriefing Guidelines Truth about study must be fully explained. Participants must be assured that their behavior was due to the experimental design and not reflective of their intelligence or character. Debriefing should be a gradual and patient process Double deception should never be used.

Rosnow, Beginning Behavioral Research, 5/e. Copyright 2005 by Prentice Hall The Use of Animals in Research Researchers also have ethical responsibilities when doing research involving animals. e.g., the Animal Welfare Act Ethical debate over whether or not animal research should even be conducted.

Rosnow, Beginning Behavioral Research, 5/e. Copyright 2005 by Prentice Hall Ethics of Writing and Reporting Ethical guidelines have implications for all aspects of the research process. Integrity and honesty is essential. Ethical concerns are relevant even when writing research reports. Plagiarism, whether intentional or accidental is unacceptable.