Slide 1 of 27 Chemistry 1.1

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 2 of 27 Chemistry The Galileo spacecraft was placed in orbit around Jupiter to collect data about the planet and its moons. Chemistry helped scientists to study the geology of distant objects in the solar system. 1.1

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Chemistry > Slide 3 of 27 What Is Chemistry? Why is the scope of chemistry so vast? 1.1

Slide 4 of 27 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall > Chemistry What Is Chemistry? Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. Chemistry is the study of the composition of matter and the changes that matter undergoes. 1.1

Slide 5 of 27 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall > Chemistry Mass is the measurement that reflects the amount of matter. Is air matter? Yes, why when we inflate a balloon it expands. Balloon gets heavier then air has mass. What is not matter? Heat, light, radio waves or magnetic fields.

Slide 6 of 27 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall > Chemistry Mass and Weight Weight is a measure not only of the amounts of matter but also of effect of Earth’s gravitational pull on matter. The pull varies as the it moves farther from earth. Convenience scientist uses mass to measure matter independent of gravitational force.

Slide 7 of 27 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Chemistry > What Is Chemistry? Because living and nonliving things are made of matter, chemistry affects all aspects of life and most natural events. 1.1

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Chemistry > Slide 8 of 27 Areas of Study What are five traditional areas of study in chemistry? 1.1

Slide 9 of 27 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Chemistry > Areas of Study Five traditional areas of study are organic chemistry inorganic chemistry biochemistry analytical chemistry physical chemistry 1.1

Slide 10 of 27 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Chemistry > Organic chemistry is defined as the study of all chemicals containing carbon. Ex. Pharmaceuticals, plastics Areas of Study 1.1

Slide 11 of 27 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Chemistry > Inorganic chemistry is the study of chemicals that, in general, do not contain carbon. Ex. Minerals, metals, nonmetals, Areas of Study 1.1

Slide 12 of 27 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Chemistry > The study of processes that take place in organisms is biochemistry. Ex. Metabolism,fermentation Areas of Study 1.1

Slide 13 of 27 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Chemistry > Analytical chemistry is the area of study that focuses on the composition of matter. ex. Food nutrient, quality control Areas of Study 1.1

Slide 14 of 27 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Chemistry > Physical chemistry is the area that deals with the mechanism, the rate, and the energy transfer that occurs when matter undergoes a change. Ex. Reaction rates, reaction mechanisms Areas of Study 1.1

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Chemistry > Slide 15 of 27 Pure and Applied Chemistry How are pure and applied chemistry related? 1.1

Slide 16 of 27 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Chemistry > Pure and Applied Chemistry Pure chemistry is the pursuit of chemical knowledge for its own sake. Applied chemistry is research that is directed toward a practical goal or application. 1.1

Slide 17 of 27 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Chemistry > Pure and Applied Chemistry Pure research can lead directly to an application, but an application can exist before research is done to explain how it works. 1.1

Slide 18 of 27 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Chemistry > Pure and Applied Chemistry Nylon In the early 1930’s, Wallace Carothers produced nylon while researching cotton and silk. A team of scientists and engineers applied Carothers’s research to the commercial production of nylon. 1.1

Slide 19 of 27 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Chemistry > Pure and Applied Chemistry Aspirin Long before researchers figured out how aspirin works, people used it to relieve pain, and doctors prescribed it for patients who were at risk for a heart attack. In 1971, it was discovered that aspirin can block the production of a group of chemicals that cause pain and lead to the formation of blood clots. This is an example of pure research. 1.1

Slide 20 of 27 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Chemistry > Pure and Applied Chemistry Technology Technology is the means by which a society provides its members with those things needed and desired. Technology allows humans to do some things more quickly or with less effort. There are debates about the risks and benefits of technology. 1.1

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Chemistry > Slide 21 of 27 Why Study Chemistry? What are three general reasons to study chemistry? 1.1

Slide 22 of 27 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Chemistry > Why Study Chemistry? Chemistry can be useful in explaining the natural world, preparing people for career opportunities, and producing informed citizens. 1.1

Slide 23 of 27 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall > Chemistry Why Study Chemistry? Explaining the Natural World Chemistry can help you satisfy your natural desire to understand how things work. 1.1

Slide 24 of 27 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall > Chemistry Why Study Chemistry? Preparing For a Career Many careers require knowledge of chemistry. A photographer uses chemical processes to control the development of photographs in a darkroom. 1.1

Slide 25 of 27 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall > Chemistry Why Study Chemistry? Being an Informed Citizen Knowledge of chemistry and other sciences can help you evaluate the data presented, arrive at an informed opinion, and take appropriate action. 1.1

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 26 of 27 Section Quiz -or- Continue to: Launch: Assess students’ understanding of the concepts in Section 1.1 Section Quiz 1.1.

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 27 of Which of these traditional areas of study mostly involve compounds containing carbon? (1) organic chemistry (2) inorganic chemistry (3) biochemistry a.(1) and (2) b.(1) and (3) c.(2) and (3) d.(1), (2), and (3) 1.1 Section Quiz

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 28 of Which phrase best describes applied chemistry? a.the pursuit of knowledge for its own sake b.research that answers a general question c.addresses fundamental aspects of a question d.research directed toward a practical goal 1.1 Section Quiz

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 29 of Informed citizens are most likely to a.provide funds for scientific research. b.determine which areas of research are valid. c.decide who is qualified to do research. d.influence the development of technology. 1.1 Section Quiz

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