1. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 1 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. Chapter 1: Introduction to Chemistry

2. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 2 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. CHEMISTRY & YOU Why might this creature interest you if you were a chemist? Fugu, also known as puffer fish, is a sushi delicacy that can also be lethal. Recently this toxin has been put to good use, as scientists have discovered that a purified form of it can treat severe pain in cancer patients.

3. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 3 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. What Is Chemistry? Chemistry answers many questions you may have about the world you live in. Chemistry is the study of the composition of matter and the changes that matter undergoes.

4. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 4 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. What Is Chemistry? Chemistry affects all aspects of life and most natural events because all living and nonliving things are made of matter.

5. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 5 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. What is wrong with an advertisement for juice drinks that claims the juice is all- natural and free of chemicals?

6. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 6 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. Everything is made up of matter; therefore, everything contains chemicals. Even all-natural products are made of chemicals. What is wrong with an advertisement for juice drinks that claims the juice is all- natural and free of chemicals?

7. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 7 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. Areas of Study What are five traditional areas of study in chemistry?

8. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 8 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. Areas of Study Five traditional areas of study are: organic chemistry inorganic chemistry biochemistry analytical chemistry physical chemistry

9. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 9 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. Organic chemistry is defined as the study of all chemicals containing carbon. Most chemicals found in organisms contain carbon. Areas of Study

10. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 10 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. An organic chemist might develop new lightweight plastics for flying disks. Areas of Study

11. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 11 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. Areas of Study The study of chemicals that, in general, do not contain carbon is called inorganic chemistry.

12. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 12 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. The study of chemicals that, in general, do not contain carbon is called inorganic chemistry. Many inorganic chemicals are found in nonliving things, such as rocks. Areas of Study

13. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 13 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. An inorganic chemist might develop metal materials that provide strong structural parts for buildings. Areas of Study

14. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 14 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. The study of processes that take place in living organisms is biochemistry. Areas of Study

15. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 15 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. The study of processes that take place in living organisms is biochemistry. These processes include muscle contraction and digestion. Areas of Study

16. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 16 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. Areas of Study A biochemist might study how the energy used for the contraction of muscles is produced and stored.

17. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 17 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. The area of study that focuses on the composition of matter is analytical chemistry. Areas of Study

18. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 18 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. The area of study that focuses on the composition of matter is analytical chemistry. A task that would fall into this area of chemistry is measuring the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Areas of Study

19. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 19 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. An analytical chemist might test the air for the presence of pollutants. Areas of Study

20. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 20 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. Physical chemistry is the area that deals with the mechanism, rate, and energy transfer that occurs when matter undergoes a change. Areas of Study

21. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 21 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. A physical chemist might study factors that affect the rate of photosynthesis in trees. Areas of Study

22. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 22 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. The boundaries between the five areas are not firm. A chemist is likely to be working in more than one area of chemistry at any given time. For example, an organic chemist uses analytical chemistry to determine the composition of an organic chemical. Areas of Study

23. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 23 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. Pure chemistry is the pursuit of chemical knowledge for its own sake. Areas of Study

24. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 24 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. Pure chemistry is the pursuit of chemical knowledge for its own sake. The chemist doesn’t expect that there will be any immediate practical use for the knowledge. Areas of Study

25. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 25 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. Applied chemistry is research that is directed toward a practical goal or application. Areas of Study

26. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 26 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. Applied chemistry is research that is directed toward a practical goal or application. In practice, pure chemistry and applied chemistry are often linked. Areas of Study

27. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 27 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. CHEMISTRY & YOU Why would you study a puffer fish if you were a biochemist? If you were an organic chemist?

28. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 28 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. CHEMISTRY & YOU Biochemists might study the puffer fish to determine how its toxin acts on the human body. Organic chemists might study the composition of the puffer fish toxin. Why would you study a puffer fish if you were a biochemist? If you were an organic chemist?

29. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 29 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. Which area of study would you use to determine the components of an unknown liquid? A.physical chemistry B.biochemistry C.organic chemistry D.analytical chemistry

30. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 30 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. Which area of study would you use to determine the components of an unknown liquid? A.physical chemistry B.biochemistry C.organic chemistry D.analytical chemistry

31. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 31 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. Big Ideas in Chemistry What are the central themes of chemistry?

32. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 32 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. Big Ideas in Chemistry Some of chemistry’s big ideas are as follows: chemistry as the central science electrons and the structure of atoms bonding and interactions reactions kinetic theory the mole and quantifying matter matter and energy carbon chemistry

33. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 33 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. Explain what is meant by the statement Chemistry is the central science.

34. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 34 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. Key Concepts Some of chemistry’s big ideas are chemistry as the central science, electrons and the structure of atoms, bonding and interactions, reactions, kinetic theory, the mole and quantifying matter, matter and energy, and carbon chemistry. Chemistry affects all aspects of life and most natural events because all living and nonliving things are made of matter. Five traditional areas of study are organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, biochemistry, analytical chemistry, and physical chemistry.

35. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 35 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. Why Study Chemistry? What are three general reasons to study chemistry?

36. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 36 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. Why Study Chemistry? Chemistry can be useful in: 1.explaining the natural world, 2.preparing people for career opportunities, and 3.producing informed citizens.

37. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 37 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. Which of the following careers would require some understanding of chemistry? A.chef B.doctor C.farmer D.all of the above

38. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 38 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. Which of the following careers would require some understanding of chemistry? A.chef B.doctor C.farmer D.all of the above

39. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 39 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. Chemistry, Technology, and Society What are some outcomes of modern research in chemistry?

40. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 40 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. Many basic items you use every day, such as the sneakers you wear or the cereal you eat, are products of technology. Chemistry, Technology, and Society

41. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 41 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. Many basic items you use every day, such as the sneakers you wear or the cereal you eat, are products of technology. Chemistry, Technology, and Society Technology is the means by which a society provides its members with those things needed and desired.

42. 1.1 The Scope of Chemistry > 42 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. Modern research in chemistry can lead to technologies that aim to benefit the environment, conserve and produce energy, improve human life, and expand our knowledge of the universe. Chemistry, Technology, and Society