An Introduction to VLSI (Very Large Scale Integrated) Circuit Design

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Presentation transcript:

An Introduction to VLSI (Very Large Scale Integrated) Circuit Design Presented at EE1001 Nov 12th, 2015 By Hua Tang

The First Computer

The first electronic computer (1946)

First Transistor (Bipolar) Bell Labs, 1948

The First Integrated Circuits Bipolar logic 1960’s ECL 3-input Gate Motorola 1966

Basic IC circuit component: MOS transistor MOS: Metal Oxide Semiconductor

Intel 4004 Micro-Processor 1971 1000 transistors < 1MHz operation 10μm technology

Intel Pentium (IV) microprocessor 2001 42 Million transistors 1.5 GHz operation 0.18μm technology

More recent Processors 2007 800 Million transistors 2 GHz operation 45nm technology 2010 Core i7 1.2 Billion transistors 3.3 GHz operation 32nm technology 2012 Core i7 (newer generations) 1.7 Billion transistors 4.0 GHz operation 22nm technology 2015 14nm, then 10nm in 20xx, and then …..???

Not Only Microprocessors Analog Baseband Digital Baseband (DSP + MCU) Power Management Small Signal RF RF Cell Phone HDTV PDA ….

What is a MOS Transistor? A Switch! |V GS | An MOS Transistor

MOS Transistors - Types and Symbols if G=“1” or Vdd switch on G S NMOS S if G=“0” or Gnd switch on G D PMOS

The CMOS Inverter: A First Glance out C L DD

CMOS Inverter First-Order DC Analysis DD in = V =0 out V =V R n p DD

Transient Response The delay Essentially determines the clock speed of the processor tpLH tpHL

Static CMOS (Complementary MOS) VDD In1 PMOS only In2 PUN … InN F(In1,In2,…InN) In1 In2 PDN … NMOS only InN One and only one of the networks (PUN or PDN) is conducting in steady state PUN and PDN are dual logic networks

NMOS Transistors in Series/Parallel Connection Transistors can be thought as a switch controlled by its gate signal NMOS switch closes when switch control input is high

PMOS Transistors in Series/Parallel Connection

Example Gate: NAND

Example Gate: NOR

Full-Adder

The Binary Adder

Complimentary Static CMOS Full Adder 28 Transistors

The Ripple-Carry Adder

SRAM Memory cell

The add-up 32-bit adder: >3,000 32-bit comparator: >3,000 32-bit multiplier: >50,000 1k SRAM: 6,000 …

Future Design Challenges Processor architecture (multiple-core; interconnections) Semi-conductor materials (current leakage; process variation) Power consumption (power density; thermal dissipation)

Career in VLSI design VLSI circuit design and design automation Intel, IBM, AMD, Texas Ins., Agilent,… Qualcomm, Broadcom, Samsung,… Micron, Seagate, WesternDigital… Cadence, Synopsys, MentorGraphics… Xilinx, Altera, …. ....

Contact Information: Office: MWAH 276 Hour: 10-11am M, W, Th, and F Phone: 726-7095 Email: htang@d.umn.edu Http: www.d.umn.edu/~htang