I had gone in market. I had seen these different vegetables and fruits Hi I am Ram

Why we all living organisms require to eat food ? (List atleast 3 reasons in your worksheet) 1)_________________________________ ___________ 2)_________________________________ ___________ 3)_________________________________ ___________ Check for answer here Ram is Thinking!!

1)For body development 2)Growth 3)Health 4)Food supplies protein, vitamins

Name some crops which are grown in India? (List atleast five in worksheet ) ANSWER 1.Wheat 2. Rice 3. Maize 4. Jowar 5. Bajra 6. soyabean

What we get from cereals? Carbohydrate Protein Fats Vitamins (click on the correct option ) Click here to see more cereals

CORRECT CLICK HERE

INCORRECT CLICK HERE OOPS !!!

What we get from pulses? Carbohydrate Protein Fats Vitamins (click on the correct option ) Click here to see more pulse

CORRECT CLICK HERE

INCORRECT CLICK HERE OOPS !!!

What we get from oilseeds? Carbohydrate Protein Fats Vitamins (click on the correct option ) Soyabean Ground nut Click here to see more oilseeds

CORRECT CLICK HERE

INCORRECT CLICK HERE OOPS !!!

barley “Cereals” Click here

“Pulses” Click here

“Oilseeds” Click here

LET US SEE SOME FESTIVALS OF INDIA Hey ! while reading book on festivals of India, I found some interesting festivals

Pongal: celebrated by the Tamil people in Tamil Nadu Puthari/Huthari : Coorg, Karnataka (south India), in the month of November or December. Sankranthi or Makar Sankranti: southern part of India On 14 January Lohri: celebrated in North India esp. Punjab on the 13th day of January

Onam celebrated by Malayali people in Kerala (India). month of August Kanyarkali festival of the Malayalee Moothan, Nair and Tharakan communities of Chittur and Alathur thaluks of Palakkad in Kerala, India. Bhogali Bihu: (or Magh Bihu) is a harvest festival celebrated in Assam which marks the end of harvesting season in mid-January.

What type of festival these are called? (list on your worksheet )

What do you meant by harvest festival? Is there any relation between these festivals and crops? (list on the worksheet) Festival occurring prior or after harvesting of crops are called as harvest festivals Yes,These all festivals are related to harvesting of crops This all are related to agricultural crops

Which are the different harvest festivals celebrated in India ? (list atleast three on the worksheet) Pongal 2.Lohri 3.Onam 4.Bhogali Bihu 5.Puthari/Huthari 6.Sankranti This all are related to agricultural crops

1)climatic conditions 2) temperature 3)Exposure to sunlight i.e. photoperiods (list on your worksheet )

RABI CROPSGrown in winter season From November to April KHARIF CROPS Grown in rainy season From month of June to October CROPS

(Write answer on worksheet ) What is meant by rabi crop ? (Write answer on worksheet ) For answer click here

What is meant by kharif crop ? The crops which are grown in rainy season i.e. from the month of June to October are called as kharif crop What is meant by rabi crop ? click here The crops which are grown in winter season i.e. from the month of November to April are called as kharif crop

Let us see different types of kharif and rabi crops

KHARIF CROPS Maize Soyabean Paddy CottonUrid Ground Nut

RABI CROPS GramPotato Mustard Oat Wheat Coriander

Major seed producing state of India are shown along with rabi and kharif crops Let us now see map of India Observe very carefully

(list any 5 on the worksheet ) Which are the kharif and rabi crop found in state of Maharashtra? (list on the worksheet ) Which are the major seed producing states of India ? (any 5 ) What type of crop is grown in Orissa? In Rajasthan which type of crops are mainly grown? (list on the worksheet ) Which type of crops are grown in Karnataka (list on the worksheet ) To check answer click here To view map click here

Maharashtra, Karnataka,Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat Which are the kharif and rabi crop found in state of Maharashtra? Kharif crops :- Paddy, Soyabean, groundnut, cotton rabi crops:- jowar Which are the major seed producing states of India ? (any 5 ) What type of crop is grown in Orissa? In Rajasthan which type of crops are mainly grown? Paddy :- kharif crop Wheat, mustard, gram :- rabi crops Which type of crops are grown in Karnataka Kharif crops

Why India is facing problem of shortage of food resources? It is because of overpopulation and Lack of land for farming Poor seed quality So how we can meet the food demand? No scope for increasing the area of land under cultivation Population increasing ( list two things on worksheet )

The only way is……..

Nutrient management: There are 16 nutrients which are essential for plants Nutrients are supplied by air, water and soil SourceNutrients AirCarbon, Oxygen WaterHydrogen, Oxygen Soili.Macronutrients: ( in large amount ) Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium, Sulphur ii.Micronutrients:( in small amount ) Iron, Manganese, Boron, Zinc, Copper, Molybdenum, Chlorine

What do you meant by micronutrient? What do you meant by macronutrient? ( list on worksheet ) Macronutrients :- required in large quantities Micronutrients :- required in small quantities Deficiency of these nutrients in plants affects its growth and make it susceptible to diseases

How we can increase the yield of crop ?  By using manure  Fertilisers  Mixed cropping  irrigation (List 2 things in your worksheet)

Now let us see some ways in which nutrients is supplied to soil in order to increase the crop yield

MANURE Manure is prepared by the decomposition of animal excreta and plant waste. It increases the water holding capacity in sandy soils. Using biological waste material is also a way of recycling farm waste Compost and vermi-compost

Way of Applying fertiliser in fields Fertilizers supply nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Fertilisers should be used wisely or else it creates harm to environment

CROPPING PATTERNS Growing two or more crops simultaneously on the same piece of land is known as ‘Mixed cropping’ Mixed cropping Ex.:- wheat + gram, or wheat + mustard, groundnut + sunflower.

Intercropping of Maize & Flax Intercropping of Finger Millet & Sugar Cane Growing two or more crops simultaneously on the same field in a definite pattern is known as ‘Inter-cropping’ INTER-CROPPING Ex., soyabean + maize, or finger millet (bajra) + cowpea (lobia).

Let us see some weeds commonly seen during kharif and rabi season How these weeds are affecting crop yield ? (list on worksheet ) Click here for answer

Weeds compete with crops for their nutrients and growth. And retards the growth of crop,as nutrient is supplied to crop in lesser extent

Amaranthus viridis (Chauli) Trianthema (Saathi)Cyperinus rotundus (motha) Wild sorghum or Jangli jowar

Chenopodium album (Bathua) Convolvulvus pluricaulis (Hirankhuri) Wild oat (Jangali jaii) Phalaris (Mandoosi)

Use of pesticides, which include herbicides, insecticides and fungicides. Mechanical removal. Use of resistant varieties, and summer ploughing. How we can control these Weeds? Preventive methods such as proper seed bed preparation, timely sowing of crops, intercropping and crop rotation (List atleast 3 ways on the worksheet)

EVALUATION What type of cropping pattern you can see in above picture ‘a’ and b? How this will increase the yield of crop ? 1) 2) What does fertiliser supplies to the soil ? What is effect of excess use of fertiliser ? a) b)

3)Fill in the blanks :- 1)Gram, pea, black gram, lentil are example of _________________ 2)__________________ are related to duration of sunlight. 3)__________________ is growing 2 or more crop simultaneously on same piece of land 4)Select the odd one from the given list 1) Following are cereals a)rice, b)castor, c)maize, d)millets

5 ) Distinguish between kharif and rabi crops ( give 2 points ) kharif crops Rabi crops 6)How we can increase the nutrient content of soil so as to increase the crop yield? ( list any 4 ways ) For answers click here

Answer key 3)Fill in the blanks :- 1)Gram, pea, black gram, lentil are example of pulses 2)Photoperiods are related to duration of sunlight. 3)Mixed cropping is growing 2 or more crop simultaneously on same piece of land 4)Select the odd one from the given list 1) Following are cereals a)rice, b)castor, c)maize, d)millets Click here

5 ) Distinguish between kharif and rabi crops ( give 2 points ) kharif crops Rabi crops Grown in rainy seasonGrown in winter season From month of June to OctoberFrom November to April  By using manure  Fertilisers  Mixed cropping  Intercropping  Removing weeds 6)How we can increase the nutrient content of soil so as to increase the crop yield? ( list any 4 ways )

Thank you