Cardiovascular System Vocab Echocardiogram Angina Arteries Myocardial Infarction Veins Arrhythmia Capillaries Embolism Cardiovascular Cycle Thrombosis Coronary Arteries Aneurism Atherosclerosis Cardiologist

Arteries Veins Carry blood AWAY from the heart All BUT pulmonary arteries carry oxygenated blood Aorta: largest artery; 1 inch in diameter Arterioles: smallest arteries Coronary arteries: most important; supply blood to the heart muscle Carry blood TOWARD the heart All BUT pulmonary veins carry deoxygenated blood Layers much thinner, less elastic Series of internal valves that work against the flow of gravity to prevent reflux Superior and inferior vena cava: largest veins Venules: smallest veins

Capillaries Tiny, microscopic vessels Walls one cell layer thick Function: to transport and diffuse essential materials to and from the body’s cells and the blood

Did you know… You have approximately 100,000 miles of blood vessels in your body Enough to circle the earth 4 times

Cardiovascular Cycle 20% of blood leaving heart goes to the brain

Coronary Arteries Coronary arteries supply the heart with oxygen If one or more become blocked, a heart attack can occur. Bypass surgery is grafting arteries and veins taken from others areas the body to “bypass” or restore circulation to the blocked coronary artery

Coronary Artery Disease Atherosclerosis – narrowing and stiffening of arteries due to fatty deposits Angina – chest pain relieved by rest, sign of inadequate blood supply to heart Heart Attack – (MI or Myocardial Infarction) cardiac muscle deprived of blood and oxygen due to a blocked artery

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Narrowed artery with balloon catheter positioned. Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty is a surgical procedure in which a balloon catheter is inserted into a blocked blood vessel to increase the blood flow of that vessel. Narrowed artery with balloon catheter positioned. Inflated balloon presses against arterial wall.

Circulatory Disorders Embolism – material that breaks away from its original site that causes a blockage Thrombosis – blockage of an artery or vein due to a blood clot Aneurism – abnormal swelling of a weakened arterial wall that makes it bulge out like a balloon

Cardiovascular Technician EKG - Electrocardiogram Set up and administer EKGs, stress tests Prepare patients for ambulatory monitoring Edit and deliver final test results to physicians for analysis Schedule appointments Transcribe physicians' interpretations 1 year certificate programs prepared student for certification exam EKG records electrical activity of the heart

Cardiovascular Technologist Echo - Echocardiogram Performs EKG Performs Echocardiograms Discuss image results with the physician Help physicians during invasive procedures, such as inserting catheters (small tubes) Record findings and track patient records 2 year associate degree Ultrasound equipment used to create images of the heart and blood vessels

Cool “Heart Sites” Heart Attack Video Echocardiogram simulation http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Apikal4D.gif Heart Attack Video http://video.about.com/heartdisease/Heart-Attack.htm NOVA-Cut to the Heart: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/heart/heartmap.html Go With the Flow http://www.smm.org/heart/videos/top.html#bypass Heart Transplant Video http://www.orlive.com/montefiore/videos/heart-transplant-procedure

Heart Transplant Initial 5 - 6 min to 6:40 (about pt and procedure) 11:40-12:20 19:30-21:40 removed 24:15 to 25:59 new heart 47.25 to 49 new heart begins to beat