College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Exotic Birds II Dr. N. Matthew Ellinwood, D.V.M., Ph.D. March 19, 2012 Iowa State University College of Agriculture and Life Sciences

Passerine Birds Perching or songbirds Anisodactyl One order (oscines) control syrinx muscles for song Perching “stay” mechanism Latin name for house sparrows (passer) Passeriformes: half bird species 5,000 identified species

Passerines Common Hill Myna Omnivorous Native to Southeast Asia (Myna – any Indian bird of the Starling family) Omnivorous Native to Southeast Asia 1990’s 20,000 in trade/yr Captive bred/imported Not endangered Popularity

Finches Zebra Gouldian Finches Australian Research, neural basis of learning Gouldian Finches Australian (pot 100,000 pets) Color variants in fancy

Canaries Finch song bird from Madeira, Azores, Canaries Islands named for dogs Bred, since 1600’s for Type Color Song (eg Harz Roller) Research model of neurogenesis Canary in the coal mine

Color Varieties Red Factor Many others Diet dependent Bronze Ino, Eumo, Satinette, Bronze, Ivory, Onyx, Mosaic, and Brown

Body Type Usually along size UK Types Others Fife (small) Many other varieties Usually named for place names UK Types Border, Fife, Lancashire, Yorkshire, and Gloster Others Gibber Italicus, Raza Española, Berner, Mexicana, Australian Plainhead

Song Types Spanish Timbrado German Roller (also known as "Harzer Roller” or Harz, for the Harz Mountains) Awaterslager (aka Malinois) American Russian Singer Persian Singer

Reptiles

REPTILES Taxinomic class defined by: Four orders Air breathing Egg laying of shelled eggs Scaled or scute covered skin/bodies Four orders Crocodiles Sphenodontia (tuataras – New Zealand, resembles lizards) Sqamata Lizards, snakes, amphisbaenians (worm lizards) Chelonia or Testuidines (turtles etc)

Chelonians Turtles Tortoises Terrapins Salmonella risks Not just turtles, etc.

TURTLES spend most or all of their time in water leatherback turtle – Dermochelys coriacea largest turtle, endangered

TORTOISE spend most or all of their time on land Aldabra tortoise – Geochelone gigantia 2nd largest tortoise, CITES protected

TERRAPINS Spend significant time on land and in water American Indian word

TERRAPINS - Red-Eared Slider Southern U.S. omnivorous 75° F Red-Eared slider – Trachemys scripta elegans

LIZARDS habitats - desert to marshes diets - herbivorous, omnivorous, carnivorous, insectivorous temperature requirements - widely varied bottom line - do your homework

Iguanas Green iguana Calcium Vit D Central and South Am Up to ~ 7 feet Lights Central and South Am Up to ~ 7 feet Related Chuckwalla Desert Iguana

Anoles Small new world lizard False chamelions Green Anole Native to USA Cuban brown Now in Florida Knight Anole 18 inches

Skinks Small lizards Five lined skink Blue tongued skink North America native Blue tongued skink Australian Pet trade Solomon Island giant skink Arboreal Largest species of skink; 28”

Geckos Desert to tropical Lamellated feet Nocturnal and vocal Climbers Nocturnal and vocal Leopard gecko India native Pest control Popular pet species Tokay gecko Aggressive

Chameleons Experienced owner only Africa, southern Europe, Near East to south asia Change color Turret eyes

horned toad (a lizard - really!) Phrynosoma platyrhinos –

TUATARAS habitat - small islands around New Zealand diet - carnivorous temperature ~54° F 50-80 cm; up to 1 kg living fossils

AMPHISBAENIANS worm lizards Florida worm lizard – Rhineura floridana