“Social Dance and Jazz”

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Presentation transcript:

“Social Dance and Jazz” CHAPTER 3 “Social Dance and Jazz”

Chapter 3 (outline) Technology and the Music Business “Freak Dances” James Reese Europe and the Castles (Early) Jazz as Popular Music Dance Music in the Jazz Age Latin Dance Music

James Reese Europe (1881-1919) Classically trained “Clef Club Orchestra” (NYC) Society Orchestra (w/ Castles) WWI - 369th Regiment Band “Harlem Hellfighters” “Just before Jazz” style Exs. - James Reese Europe the Hellfighters - YouTube - How ya gonna keep em down on the Farm - Lt. - James Reese Europe - Castle House Rag – YouTube [Textbook Example: p. 84] - Ampico Lexington 88n - Monkey Doodle (James Reese Europe) - YouTube

Jazz (“Jass”) Af-Am influences on Dance Music (1890s-1920s) Buddy Bolden Band (1905) Af-Am influences on Dance Music (1890s-1920s) New Orleans (Storyville) Mixture of …. - Band Music - Funeral Processions - Mardi Gras celebrations - Ragtime (piano music) - Latin/Caribbean beat Used for dances/parties Small irregular groups (primarily winds & brass, bass & drums)

Original Dixieland Jazz Band 1st commercial “jass” band All white NOLA musicians Chicago (c. 1916-17) NYC (early 1917) Recordings (March 1917) - Original Dixieland Jass Band plays "Livery Stable Blues" on Victor 18255 FIRST JAZZ RECORD “Novelty” record (?) “Hot” style (syncopated) - cornet lead (Nick LaRocca) - clarinet & trombone countermelodies - rhythm section (piano & drums = steady beat)

“Tiger Rag” Rec. 17 Aug 1917 (low sales) Rec. 25 March 1918 (smash hit) Jazz “Standard” Based on NOLA tunes & ragtime Cornet lead Clarinet – high countermelody Trombone – “Tailgate” style Piano & drums (march-like) Group “improvisation” (somewhat) Text book Ex.: p. 87: Original Dixieland Jazz Band - Tiger rag

King Oliver’s Creole Jazz Band Joe “King” Oliver (1885-1938) - To Chicago (1919) - Creole Jazz Band (1922) - Recordings on Gennett (1923) Louis Armstrong (2nd cornet) Poor businessman (Oliver) - CJB disbands in 1924 - out of music by 1931 Textbook Ex., p. 88: King Oliver's Creole Jazz Band:- "Dipper Mouth Blues" (1923) – YouTube 12-bar Blues (3 4mm phrases) Form = Intro, A (2x), B (2x) [clarinet], A, C (3x) [cornet wah-wah], A

Other “Hot” Bands McKinney’s Cotton Pickers - McKinney's Cotton Pickers "BABY WON'T YOU PLEASE COME HOME" (1930) - YouTube Duke Ellington (“Jungle Music”) - Duke Ellington & his Cotton Club Band - Old Man Blues (1930) Check and Double Check Jean Goldkette - My Pretty Girl - Jean Goldkette and His Orchestra – YouTube Casa Loma Orchestra - Glen Gray and the Casa Loma Orchestra

Noble Sissle (1899-1975) & Eubie Blake (1887-1983) Both members of James Reese Europe’s bands Songwriting team Shuffle Along (1921-22) - all black cast - integrated audience (!) “I’m Just Wild About Harry” Exs. - Vaughn De Leath sings "I'm Just Wild About Harry" on Gennett 4905, song by Noble Sissle and Eubie Blake - Eubie Blake and his "Shuffle Along" Orchestra - Bandana Days (1921) - YouTube

Paul Whiteman (1890-1967) Classical training West Coast dance bands MUH 2019 (FALL 2015) 4/25/2017 Paul Whiteman (1890-1967) Classical training West Coast dance bands Navy – concert band “Symphonic Jazz” - syncopated dance music - strict arrangements “King of Jazz” - self-described - strong marketing “White” version of jazz history Day 11 - 1 Oct 15

Paul Whiteman and His Orchestra San Francisco (1918-19) – syncopated dance orchestra Ambassador Orchestra (Atlantic City, NJ) – 1920s Top-Notch Arrangers: Ferde Grofé, Fletcher Henderson (!) White Jazz Musicians: Bix Beiderbecke, Dorsey Brothers 1st Recordings – 1920 for Victor Talking Machine (RCA) “An Experiment in Modern Music” (1924) Rhapsody in Blue Leading Figure through mid-1930s (movies, radio, etc.) Over 600 recordings

Whiteman Band Examples Ex. - Paul Whiteman-"Whispering" – YouTube (1st recording – 1920 -11 weeks as # 1) Ex. - Japanese Sandman - Paul Whiteman and his Orchestra (1920) (1920 -2 weeks as # 1) Ex. - Paul Whiteman - My Blue Heaven (1927) – YouTube (1927 – 1 week at # 1) Ex. - Song Of India - Paul Whiteman – YouTube (1921 – 5 weeks at # 1) Ex. - "China Boy" by Paul Whiteman – YouTube

Edward Kennedy “Duke” Ellington (1899-1974) Washington, DC - Black middle class family - “society” piano NYC freelance “Washingtonians” (his band) - Club Kentucky (1923) Move to Cotton Club (1924) - “Jungle Music” “Bubber” Miley (trumpet) - mutes & “growls” Textbook Ex., p. 99-100 - East St. Louis Toodle-Oo (1927) HQ - Duke Ellington and his Kentucky Club Orchestra - YouTube

Latin Influences MUH 2019 (FALL 2014) 4/25/2017 Bands w/ Latin-American Musicians in US (late 1920s-30s) Don Azpiazú and his Havana Casino Orchestra (NYC, 1930) “El Manisero” (“The Peanut Vendor”) [textbook, p. 101-03] - “Son” tradition mixed w/ “pregón” (street cries) Begins “Rumba” (& other Latin) dance craze “Clave” : ||: 1, (2) &, (3), 4 | (1), 2, 3, (4) :|| [repeat] Ex. Don Azpiazu & His Havana Casino Orchestra - El Manisero (The Peanut Vendor) - YouTube Day 11 - 1 Oct 15

“I Got Rhythm” : The Golden Age of Tin Pan Alley Song, 1920s and 1930s CHAPTER 4 “I Got Rhythm” : The Golden Age of Tin Pan Alley Song, 1920s and 1930s