Physical vs. Chemical

Physical Property: A Feature of a material that can be observed or measured without changing the composition of the material –Ex: color

Types of Physical Properties 1.Viscosity: resistance to flow (thick or thin fluid) 2.Conductivity: how well a material conducts heat or electricity

Types of Physical Properties 3. Malleability: ability of a solid to be hammered without shattering –Most metals 4. Hardness: Diamond is hardest known material

Types of Physical Properties 5. Melting point: temp. that a substance changes from solid to liquid 6. Boiling point: temp. that a substance changes from liquid to gas 7. Density: mass/Volume

Types of Physical Properties 8. Solubility: the ability of a substance to dissolve in another substance.

Separating mixtures Filtration: separates mixtures containing different sizes of particles Distillation: process that separates liquid based on differences in boiling points

Chemical Property: Feature of a substance when measured or observed changes the composition of the substance 1.Flammability: ability to burn in oxygen 2.Reactivity: how easily a substance combines chemically with another substance

Physical Change: change that doesn’t change the identity or composition of the substance –substance remains the same –Ex: Cutting, melting, boiling, dissolving, evaporating

Chemical change: Change that changes the composition or identity of the Substance –Substance no longer the same –Ex: any chemical reaction

4 Indicators of a chemical Change 1. Change in color: 2. Production of a gas: 3. Formation of a precipitate: solid that separates from a solution and doesn’t dissolve 4. Production of heat or light