1. Aim: How to describe properties of matter
Do Now: Come up with 3 tests to help distinguish a beaker of water from a beaker of salt water.

2. Define Matter Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space
Physical and chemical properties are used to describe matter

3. Physical Property
Can be observed without changing the composition of the substance
Use 5 senses to make observations
color
texture
density
viscosity
change in state (melting point, boiling point, freezing point)
solubility
malleability
mass
volume

4. Conductivity
Material’s ability to allow heat or electricity to flow

5. Malleability
Ability of a material to be shaped or hammered without breaking

6. Freezing point of water is 0oC
The temperature at which a liquid changes into a solid.
Freezing point of water is 0oC

7. Boiling point The temperature at which it a liquid changes into a gas
the boiling point of water is 100oC.

8. Melting point
The temperatures at which the solid changes into a liquid
The melting point of water is 0oC

9. Density Mass/volume Can be used to test the purity of a substance
Table S has density for elements

10. Chemical Properties
Describes the ability of a substance to undergo changes in composition
A new substance is produced
reactivity
toxicity pH
flammability
fermenting
oxidation

11. Flammability
Material’s ability to burn in the presence of oxygen

12. Reactivity
How readily a substance combines chemically with other substances

13. Three States of Matter Rigid Fixed Shape Fixed Volume Not Rigid
No Fixed Shape
Fixed Volume
Not Rigid
No Fixed Shape
No Fixed Volume
Can be compressed

14. Check Point ( 2 min)
Turn to the person next to you and discuss the following:
What are some differences between chemical and physical properties? Give examples and explain why.

15. Matter’s Changes Physical Change properties remain the same
changes the form of a substance without changing its identity
All changes in state! (freeze, melt, condense, evaporate, and sublimate)
Examples:
Boil, dissolve, break, split, crack, grind, cut, crush, and bend.

16. Matter’s Changes Chemical Change changes the identity of a substance
a new substance is produced
Examples:
rust, rot, burn, decompose, corrode, oxidize, ferment, and explode!
Evidence of a chemical change:
change in color or odor, formation of a gas, formation of a precipitate (solid), change in light or heat

17. Summary Questions
Which statement describes a chemical property of aluminum?
Aluminum has a density of g/cm3 at STP
Aluminum reacts with sulfuric acid
Aluminum conducts an electric current
B. Reactivity is a chemical Property

18. Summary Questions
Which statement describes a chemical property of the element magnesium?
Magnesium reacts with an acid
Magnesium has a high boiling point
Magnesium conducts electricity
Magnesium is malleable
A. Reactivity is a chemical property

19. Summary Questions Decomposition of water Melting of ice
3. Which process is a chemical change?
Decomposition of water
Melting of ice
Subliming of ice
Boiling of water
A. Decomposition is a type of chemical reaction

20. Summary Questions
4. Which set of procedures and observations indicates a chemical change?
Large crystals are crushed and become a powder
A solid is heated and turns into a liquid
A cool, shiny metal is added to water in a beaker and rapid bubbling occurs
Ethanol liquid is added to a an empty beaker and eventually disappears
C. Bubbling is evidence of a chemical change