1. Chapter Two
Physical Properties
Properties of Matter

2. Physical Properties
Physical property is a property that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance.
Examples:
viscosity
conductivity
malleability
hardness
Magnetism
Transparency
melting point
boiling point
density
Color
Brittleness

3. Examples of Physical Properties
Viscosity of a substance is its resistance to flow.
Examples: water = low viscosity
honey = high viscosity
Transparency is a property which allows light pass through something
Conductivity is a material’s ability to allow heat to flow.
Examples: metal = high conductivity wood = poor conductivity
Elasticity of a substance to be stretched or compressed but return to its original size

4. Examples of Physical Properties
Brittleness of a substance is its tendency to crack or break
Malleability of a substance is its ability to be hammered into a thin sheet
Melting and Boiling points are the temperatures at which a solid becomes a liquid and a liquid becomes a gas.
Density of a substance is the ratio of its mass compared to its volume.
Ductility is the ability to bend without breaking

5. Physical Properties to separate mixtures
Two common separation methods:
Filtration – process that separates materials based on the size of their particles.
Distillation – process that separates the substances in a solution based on their boiling points.

6. Physical Change It is a physical change if . . .
A change in the appearance, without changing the composition of the material.
It is a physical change if . . .
Can be reversible, or irreversible
Substance may seem different, but the way the atoms link up is the same.
It dissolves.
It changes shape or size
Or the substance changes phase.

7. Chemical Properties
Chemical property is any ability to produce a change in the composition of matter.
Examples of chemical properties . . .
flammability
reactivity
Material’s ability to burn in the presence of oxygen.
How readily a substance combines chemically with other substances.
Example: Rust
Reactivity with Vinegar the substance reacts with vinegar to produce a new substance.

8. Chemical Changes
Chemical changes occur when a substance reacts and forms one or more new substances.
You know a chemical change has occurred when . . .
A change in color.
Production of a gas.
Formation of a precipitate.

9. What kind of change is it?
physical

10. What kind of change is it?
chemical

11. What kind of change is it?
physical

12. What kind of change is it?
physical

13. What kind of change is it?
chemical

14. What kind of change is it?
physical