UNIT ONE: THE RENASSIANCE

DEFINITIONS WordDefinition Renaissance urban society secular mercenaries dowry humanism vernacular Directions: Using the glossary in the back of your book define the following terms in one sentence or less.

LOOKING BACK Middle Ages- A period of time from Ruled by Kings, Lords, and the Church Very few were educated Disease (Black Death) killed 1/3 of Europe The poor (peasants and serfs) could not improve their life in any way! But then…..

Renaissance- Rebirth or looking back to Roman and Greek ideas and ways of life. It started in Italy An emphasis on learning and education! WHY DID IT START IN ITALY? No single ruler or king. The cities governed themselves and used mercenaries for defense! 1. Milan 2. Venice 3. Florence Urban Society Secular Trade flourished in the cities.

INFLUENCIAL PEOPLE AND ITALIAN WARS Lorenzo de’ Medici- Helped Florence become a cultural center. Francesco Sforza- Created a strong government in Milan. Italian Wars: France invades Italy with 30,000 soldiers 3. The Italian cities ask Spain to help them 4. The Italian cities never pay the Spanish soldiers!!!!! RESULT: Spanish soldiers invade the cities and Spain has a heavy influence in Italy. Lorenzo de’ Medici was very influential in supporting the arts and education during the Renaissance.

RENAISSANCE SOCIETY Social Classes 1. Nobility - Wealthy - Govern 2. Clergy 3. Peasants and Townspeople % of the population - Working Class - Lived a difficult life Family and Marriage 1. Family - Father Head of the house hold Managed Finances Told children when they were adults - Mother Supervise and take care of the home 2. Marriage - Often arranged!!!!! - Dowry What types of jobs did townspeople do in Renaissance Society? In your opinion, do you see any reason why arranged marriages would be a good thing? Explain you answer.

RENAISSANCE ART Fresco- A painting done on wet plaster with water based paints. Focused upon: Three-dimensional style Human Anatomy (nudes) An example of a fresco is the Sistine Chapel Donatello’s David, is an example of the style Renaissance sculptors sought to create.

RENAISSANCE EDUCATION Humanism- Study of the classics Petrarch- He was the leader of Humanism during the Renaissance Liberal Studies- Studying a variety subjects Few women were formally educated Christine de Pizan- Women should be and have the ability to learn. The term classics refers to which two civilizations? Petrarch

RENAISSANCE LITERATURE Works were written in the vernacular. The Prince, written by Machiavelli, stated that evil acts were necessary to do govern. Authors and works Machiavelli- The Prince A book on how rulers should rule. Cicero Virgil- The Aneid Dante- The Devine Comedy Chaucer- The Canterbury Tales