1. European Renaissance A Golden Age in the Arts

2. What was the Renaissance? A rebirth in art and learning that took place in Western Europe between 1300 and 1600.

3. What caused the Renaissance in Western Europe? The rise of trade

4. What caused the rise of trade? Crusades Use of Hindu-Arabic numerals Letters of credit and other banking practices. Europe recovered from the Black Death

5. Where did the Renaissance begin ? Northern Italian Cities Florence Genoa Venice Florence, Italy

6. Why did the Renaissance begin in Northern Italy? Florence, Genoa and Venice were centers of trade between Middle East and Northern Europe They were city-states governed as republics.

7. How did the Renaissance spread to Northern Europe? With the rise of trade, travel, literacy, and wealth, the Renaissance spread to Northern Europe.

8. What helped spread new ideas during the Renaissance? The movable type printing press (Gutenberg Press) The sale of books The Gutenberg Bible was the first book printed with this new technology.

9. Printing Press: Secular works in the Vernacular Secular – worldly. Vernacular – the everyday language of people in a region or country. The printing press helped to spread BOTH of these ideas. –Not writing just the bible anymore, books about worldly matters as well. –Both being printed in the vernacular – easier for people to understand.

10. Northern Renaissance Begins 1) Italian Renaissance = begins in northern Italy c.1300 2) Northern Renaissance = Renaissance spreading to the rest of Europe c.1450

11. Italian vs. Northern Renaissance Italian Renaissance –Started because of increased trade and wealth –Began in Florence, Genoa, and Venice –Very liberal, excited, fervent –Used Greek / Roman ideals to influence art –Ex: Nude statues Northern Renaissance –Started because 100 Years War Ended and people moved from Northern Italy –Began in Paris, Flanders, London –More conservative, mixing Renaissance ideas with Christian –Ex: Patron portraits –More writing than artistry

12. How did Renaissance art differ from that of the Medieval period? Medieval art focused on spiritual topics. Renaissance art focused on individuals and secular (worldly) matters as well as Christianity Medieval artRenaissance art

13. Northern Renaissance Artists Portrayed religious and secular subjects Peter Paul Rubens

14. What was Humanism? An intellectual movement that placed high value on human potential and achievements It revived study of Greek and Roman literature and culture It was supported by wealthy patrons School of Athens by Raphael

15. Patrons Supporters of the arts Financed artists Came from the wealthy merchant class Lorenzo de Medici

16. Michelangelo Painted the Ceiling of the Sistine Chapel Sculpted David

17. Michelangelo Ceiling of the Sistine Chapel The Creation of Adam

18. Michelangelo David

19. Leonardo daVinci He painted The Last Supper and the Mona Lisa He is considered to be the ultimate Renaissance man (one who becomes an expert at many fields of study).

20. He was a painter, sculptor, scientist and inventor da Vinci’s Mona Lisa

21. Sir Thomas More Humanist reformer Wrote about a perfect society (Utopia)

22. Erasmus Wrote The Praise of Folly which used humor to expose the ignorance and immoral behavior of many people, including the clergy

23. Petrarch ~ Considered the father of Humanism ~ Wrote many books and poems ~ Assembled a library of Greek and Roman works ~ Wrote poems "Sonnets to Laura"

24. Machiavelli ~ Wrote "The Prince" ~ A book about how best to run a country ~ "It is better to be feared than loved." ~ "The end justifies the means" ~ Rulers should have absolute power