1. Renaissance and Reformation Review
Global Studies I

2. Key Terms
Urban Society: a society in which many people live in cities.
Fresco: a painting done on fresh, wet plaster with water-based paints.
Humanism: What is an intellectual movement based on the study of Greek and Roman classics.
Indulgence: a release from the punishment for all or part of a sin.
Salvation: acceptance into heaven.
Christian Humanism: the belief that humans can reason for themselves and improve their own lives.
Predestination: belief that God has determined in advance (predestined) who will be saved and who will not be saved.

3. Italian Renaissance Characteristics of the Renaissance: urban society
recovery from 14th century problems
rebirth of interest in ancient culture
emphasis on individual achievements
Giroloma Savonarola was the Dominican preacher responsible for the “Bonfire of the Vanities.”
What event brought the Italian Wars to an end in 1527?
The Spanish troops under Charles I, sacked Rome.
Niccoló Machiavelli wrote The Prince?
Baldassare Castiglione wrote The Book of the Courtier
about the expectations of nobles.

4. The Intellectual and Artistic Renaissance
Italian Renaissance
Parents arranged marriages for their children in order to strengthen business ties.
Children could not become adults until they were formally freed by their father.
The Intellectual and Artistic Renaissance
Petrarch is the father of Italian Renaissance Humanism.
Humanists in the 1400s included all of the following:
New interest in civic life
Duty of intellectuals to live active lives
Study of humanities should be used to serve the state
Dante, the Italian author who wrote the Divine Comedy?
The Canterbury Tales is a collection of short stories written by English author Geoffrey Chaucer.
Renaissance artists tried to imitate nature in their works.

5. The Intellectual and Artistic Renaissance
Artists of the High Renaissance:
Leonardo da Vinci
Michelangelo
Raphael
Leonardo da Vinci dissected human corpses to study how the body worked.
Michelangelo painted the famous figures on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.
The Protestant Reformation
Desiderius Erasmus is a Christian Humanist whose teachings were known as “the philosophy of Christ.”
Martin Luther, author of the Ninety-Five Theses who started the first Protestant church.
The Peace of Augsburg was a formal acceptance of the division of the Church in Germany?

6. The Spread of Protestantism and the Catholic Response
The Protestant movement that took place in Zürich, Switzerland is called The Zwinglian Reformation.
John Calvin, a protestant leader that held a belief in predestination.
Act of Supremacy made the King of England the head of the Church of England?
Anabaptists were Protestant believers that held a belief in adult baptism.
Ignatius of Loyola founded the Catholic society called the Jesuits or the Society of Jesus.
The Council of Trent reaffirmed traditional Catholic teachings.
Bibliography: Spielvogel, J.J.,Ph.D. (2005). World History. New York: Glencoe.